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      <image:title>News - Board member Margaret MacMillan on why we remember WW1</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/news/2016/1/22/lest-we-forget-paintings-by-charles-pachter-commemorating-the-first-world-war</loc>
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      <image:title>News - In Memoriam: remembering the First World War at U of T</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/news/2016/1/22/board-member-robert-bothwell-recounts-how-canada-found-itself-at-war-on-august-4-1914</loc>
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    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Board member Robert Bothwell recounts how Canada found itself at war on August 4, 1914</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/news/2016/1/22/vimy-education-centre-student-programs</loc>
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    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/news/2016/1/22/ww1-and-contemporary-policy-on-war-and-peace</loc>
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      <image:title>News - WW1 and Contemporary Policy on War and Peace</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/news/2016/1/22/director-john-english-receives-german-order-of-merit</loc>
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    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Director John English receives German Order of Merit</image:title>
      <image:caption>Director John English receives Order of Merit from German Consul General Walter Stechel</image:caption>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/news/2016/1/22/madeleine-albright-lloyd-axworthy-on-r2p-responsibility-to-protect</loc>
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      <image:title>News - Madeleine Albright, Lloyd Axworthy on R2P: Responsibility to Protect</image:title>
      <image:caption>Madeleine Albright with Director John English</image:caption>
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    <lastmod>2016-02-03</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Partners - Trinity College at the University of Toronto</image:title>
      <image:caption>Trinity College is a small academic college with a long and illustrious history within the University of Toronto, the largest university in Canada. A small, distinctive college at the heart of a great university, Trinity offers an exceptional academic experience and fosters community, responsibility and leadership. http://www.trinity.utoronto.ca/</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Partners - Trinity College at the University of Toronto</image:title>
      <image:caption>Trinity College is a small academic college with a long and illustrious history within the University of Toronto, the largest university in Canada. A small, distinctive college at the heart of a great university, Trinity offers an exceptional academic experience and fosters community, responsibility and leadership. http://www.trinity.utoronto.ca/</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Partners - Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Munk School of Global Affairs is a professional degree-granting interdisciplinary school focused on global issues. Our mission is to deeply integrate research on global affairs with teaching and public education, and we are the home of world-renowned researchers and more than 30 academic centres and initiatives.  http://munkschool.utoronto.ca</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/defending-human-rights-in-a-fractured-world</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-05-07</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/book-talk-private-letters-public-matters-family-correspondence-lester-b-pearson</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-04-23</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk: Private Letters, Public Matters: The Family Correspondence of Lester B. Pearson - Make it stand out</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/80-years-of-international-journal-in-conversation-with-margaret-macmillan</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-04-21</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - 80 Years of International Journal: In Conversation with Margaret MacMillan - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/book-launch-canada-apartheid-and-the-defence-of-the-liberal-order</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-05-08</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Canada, Apartheid, and the Defence of the Liberal Order - Make it stand out</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/does-canada-need-a-foreign-intelligence-agency</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-04-24</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Does Canada Need a Foreign Intelligence Agency? - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/does-international-law-still-matter-trinity-minds-on-hot-topics</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-02-27</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/book-talk-statecraft-canadian-prime-ministers-and-their-cabinets-hs2wb</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-02-21</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Upcoming Associate Event: Graham Lecture on International Affairs - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/book-talk-statecraft-canadian-prime-ministers-and-their-cabinets</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-03-07</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk: Statecraft: Canadian Prime Ministers and Their Cabinets - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/a-changed-america-how-should-canada-and-the-world-respond-f5mk5</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-02-12</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Venezuela and After - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/a-changed-america-how-should-canada-and-the-world-respond</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-02-02</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A Changed America: How Should Canada and the World Respond? - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/book-talk-the-beaver-and-the-dragon-how-china-out-manoeuvred-canadas-diplomacy-security-and-sovereignty-by-charles-burton</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-01-31</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk: The Beaver and the Dragon: How China Out-Manoeuvred Canada’s Diplomacy, Security, and Sovereignty, by Charles Burton - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/book-launch-inspired-by-taiwan-why-supporting-taiwan-matters-for-global-democracy-by-george-s-takach</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-12-04</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/f74ee81c-28ee-4ec4-bea9-415204044d10/Screenshot+2025-11-08+at+4.36.32%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: "Inspired by Taiwan: Why Supporting Taiwan Matters for Global Democracy", by George S. Takach - Make it stand out</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/europe-in-a-populist-moment-with-john-f-jungclaussen</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-01-14</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/book-launch-the-enduring-riddle-of-mackenzie-king-edited-by-patrice-dutil</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-11-21</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: "The Enduring Riddle of Mackenzie King", edited by Patrice Dutil - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/reciprocity-of-war-and-strategy-theory-and-practice-in-the-iraq-war</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-30</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Reciprocity of War and Strategy: Theory and Practice in the Iraq War, 2006-2009 - Make it stand out</image:title>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/on-the-ground-my-life-as-a-foreign-correspondent</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-30</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/819b993d-87af-495a-a488-29902c3a88fe/Screenshot+2025-09-17+at+9.03.44%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk: On The Ground: My Life as a Foreign Correspondent by Brian Stewart - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/chretien-and-the-world</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-05</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/2ebe9406-9ac4-4f54-84ec-31d976df37d0/Book+Launch+Draft+Poster+2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Chrétien and the World - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/the-cold-war-and-canadian-intelligence</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/ff74cdee-b759-46e7-835b-f270da02b41e/Book+Launch+Draft+Poster+1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Cold War and Canadian Intelligence - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/6/16ukraine-a-report-from-kyiv-with-tim-mak</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/15b3856a-7d64-4250-a3ec-7b2ff2901ad4/Tim+Mak+Event+Graphic+2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Ukraine: A Report from Kyiv with Tim Mak - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/edward-luce-chief-us-commentator-columnist-the-financial-times</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-05-30</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1ce31109-a7de-4136-8870-5c1d121c2f4f/Edward-Luce-May-2025.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event - CIC: Edward Luce, Chief US Commentator &amp;amp; Columnist, The Financial Times - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/canada-foreign-policy-in-the-age-of-trump</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-05-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/fe74e71d-3543-4c16-96a6-bbcde576ee34/Chapnick-Hamilton-Flyer-Square.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event - CIC Hamilton: Canadian Foreign Policy in the Age of Trump – Adam Chapnick - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/6/5-reflecting-on-eighty-years-of-the-international-journal</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-06-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/627b3bf7-8ccc-4f88-aa00-e8f81f97644b/Poster+May+9.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Roundtable: Reflecting on Eighty Years of the International Journal - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/shaping-the-2025-g7-summit</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-05-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/e26ebd82-8e37-47a5-8b44-c634a34aa488/G7+Event.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Shaping The 2025 G7 Summit: Panel Discussion - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/3/10/discussion-policy-in-action-spencer-wilkinson-and-the-foundations-of-modern-grand-strategy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-03-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/c25f21d9-fbe4-4604-a471-77682981dd0c/Screenshot+2025-03-01+at+3.24.37%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Discussion: "Policy in Action: Spencer Wilkinson and the Foundations of Modern Grand Strategy" - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/3/31/east-of-empire-egypt-india-and-the-world-between-the-wars</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-04-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/4f652709-d092-46a0-a67a-f5a909289726/East+of+Empire+%28Mar+31%29+Poster.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - East of Empire: Egypt, India, and the World  Between the Wars - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/2/25/canadas-long-term-strategic-situation-past-and-present</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-03-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/f6a68038-579a-4d39-903f-1e7a43c863bc/Screenshot+2025-02-10+at+5.44.09%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Canada’s Long-Term Strategic Situation, Past and Present - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/2/25/war-peace-and-truth</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-04-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/d7d4aea7-cfaa-42f1-92ef-25ba3bbbfcd5/War+Peace+and+Truth+-+Feb+2025.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - War, Peace, and Truth: An Evening with Sviatoslav Shevchuk and Timothy Snyder - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/e26ead78-e533-4bd6-8018-39c992f22533/https___cdn.evbuc.com_images_947889543_495105961177_1_original.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - War, Peace, and Truth: An Evening with Sviatoslav Shevchuk and Timothy Snyder - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/2/5/the-challenge-of-next-gen-insurgency-by-steven-metz</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-02-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/6abebaec-3583-45c6-9792-07e6fccc2435/Screenshot+2025-01-14+at+7.35.17+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Challenge of Next-Gen Insurgency by Steven Metz - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/1/20/whats-next-canadian-american-relations-in-the-age-of-trump</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-04-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/e7ac10cd-87b7-44c2-9b46-9e4458634e0a/What%27s+Next+-+Jan+20.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - What's Next? Canadian-American Relations in the Age of Trump - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/d276816a-4b72-4dfb-b6d9-2822800c0bad/Screenshot+2025-01-09+at+10.11.25+PM.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - What's Next? Canadian-American Relations in the Age of Trump - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/1/21/book-launch-chrystia-by-catherine-tasalikis</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-01-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/5267853e-fef1-4c6d-92dd-db96cf0de2f5/Screenshot+2024-12-20+at+2.17.16+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Chrystia, by Catherine Tsalikis - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/2/12/the-twelfth-of-february-canadian-aid-for-gender-equality-during-the-rise-of-violent-extremism-in-pakistan</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-02-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/97ac19cc-f3fd-4d55-a49b-34f7c677d6be/Screenshot+2024-12-17+at+10.38.11+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Twelfth of February: Canadian Aid for Gender Equality during the Rise of Violent Extremism in Pakistan - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/1/16/unpredictable-america-donald-trump-and-the-future-of-american-foreign-policy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-01-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/5f8e710f-4f83-44ec-b905-5431090feb22/Screenshot+2024-12-05+at+11.07.33+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Unpredictable America: Donald Trump and the Future of American Foreign Policy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2025/1/22/book-launch-tommy-douglas-and-the-quest-for-medicare-in-canada-by-gregory-p-marchildon</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-02-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/24e8252f-c512-4bf8-810b-029249edf9a6/Screenshot+2024-12-04+at+10.08.43+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Tommy Douglas and the Quest for Medicare in Canada - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/11/25/the-end-of-immunity-lecture-and-discussion-with-dr-chile-eboe-osuji-and-prof-jennifer-orange</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-12-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/126b32e0-83d7-45ed-893c-5b0689c9d241/Your+paragraph+text+%281%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The End of Immunity: Lecture and Discussion with Dr. Chile Eboe-Osuji and Prof. Jennifer Orange - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/a0bfdaf4-c5f8-4075-b756-f6d2dd1d1a6f/IRSOC+BGC+slide+2.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The End of Immunity: Lecture and Discussion with Dr. Chile Eboe-Osuji and Prof. Jennifer Orange - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Dr. Chile Eboe-Osuji</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/85073df0-c959-452f-a9c9-5ad9916617b6/IRSOC+BGC+Slide+3.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The End of Immunity: Lecture and Discussion with Dr. Chile Eboe-Osuji and Prof. Jennifer Orange - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Prof. Jennifer Orange</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/11/27/for-and-against-the-abolition-of-nuclear-weapons</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-12-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1566ae63-af10-45a5-90d2-8bbae1cd0080/26919314551_71936162ae_b.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - For and Against the Abolition of Nuclear Weapons - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Protest at Australian Mission” by Tim Wright is licenced under CC BY 2.0.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/c4e87c05-aa48-4c2e-9ed9-34eed3b48d00/profilbild_list.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - For and Against the Abolition of Nuclear Weapons - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/454877e3-8fd7-4c5e-a29b-fec85dd9aedd/Screen%2BShot%2B2019-07-09%2Bat%2B7.19.03%2BPM.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - For and Against the Abolition of Nuclear Weapons - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/11/13/book-talk-canada-first-not-canada-alone</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/4e2790d1-65ac-4407-9b8f-57dbb7740b95/Screenshot+2024-11-05+at+4.00.37+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Canada First, Not Canada Alone - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/11/7/seminar-with-dr-sundeep-waslekar-a-world-without-war-utopian-dream-or-pragmatic-necessity</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/20c3c253-c254-484e-8cd9-5c17150b2fa9/Screenshot+2024-10-17+at+4.44.57+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A World Without War: Utopian Dream or Pragmatic Necessity? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/ab49a74b-4434-44ee-9b6f-82a30c5f2a33/Screenshot+2024-10-17+at+4.49.02+PM.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A World Without War: Utopian Dream or Pragmatic Necessity? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/10/23/unwinnable-peace-untold-stories-of-canadas-mission-in-afghanistan-by-tim-martin</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-10-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/4320ca17-461a-47cb-9691-f97c81d75e4e/Screenshot+2024-10-03+at+10.03.32+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Unwinnable Peace: Untold Stories of Canada’s Mission in Afghanistan, by Tim Martin - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/10/8/associated-event-couchiching-annual-conference-on-diplomacy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-10-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/4daf5666-d6a6-487f-9e3d-089463ecaab1/Couchiching-Conference-scaled.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event: Couchiching Annual Conference on Diplomacy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/11/1/conference-canada-kosovo-and-the-kosovar-refugee-diaspora-25-years-on</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-05</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/2d3e50a3-bc32-44a4-936f-733fded8158e/Screenshot+2024-09-26+at+12.27.00+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Conference: Canada, Kosovo, and the Kosovar Refugee Diaspora 25 Years On - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/9/30/virtual-book-talk-disruption-by-michael-de-groot</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/ded0ce41-b7fe-420c-82e2-ddb15e8d4a1c/Screenshot+2024-08-12+at+4.41.05+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Virtual Book Talk: Disruption, by Michael De Groot - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/9/18/three-years-since-the-taliban-takeover-security-threats-humanitarian-crisis-and-the-fight-for-freedom</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-10-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/ac41a2bf-46b9-4a20-bf9a-b9d5fa51cdf7/Copy+of+BGC+Afghanistan+Event+Sep+2024.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Three Years Since the Taliban Takeover: Security Threats, Humanitarian Crisis, and the Fight for Freedom - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/fd38dee6-b05b-4946-87b0-9405ceb517f2/Event+Poster.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Three Years Since the Taliban Takeover: Security Threats, Humanitarian Crisis, and the Fight for Freedom - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/38f0b722-2998-49be-a8ec-1745260a8922/Event+Poster+%282%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Three Years Since the Taliban Takeover: Security Threats, Humanitarian Crisis, and the Fight for Freedom - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/6/4/associated-event-democracy-amp-diplomacy-canada-germany-collaboration-for-eu-stability</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-08-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/71286975-b74d-4d0a-b79e-371e3867d99b/Democracy+and+Diplomacy_Canada+Germany+Collaboration%27.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event - Democracy &amp;amp; Diplomacy: Canada-Germany Collaboration for EU Stability - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/4/5/personalities-institutions-amp-illusions-in-canadian-history-an-event-in-honour-of-professor-robert-bothwell</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-04-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/e6af3bad-9ab4-4827-a8da-f9e2d9808044/https___cdn.evbuc.com_images_711830619_67373267531_1_original.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Personalities, Institutions, &amp;amp; Illusions in Canadian History - An Event in Honour of Professor Robert Bothwell - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/a1339e66-6667-41ad-b28e-7da429b1cc9a/News-interview-with-Professor-Bothwell-courtesy-Robert-Bothwell-edit-news.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Personalities, Institutions, &amp;amp; Illusions in Canadian History - An Event in Honour of Professor Robert Bothwell - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/4/25/the-hon-chrystia-freeland-in-conversation-with-martin-wolf-cbe</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-08-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/7964fc08-2853-4f40-a7b8-d4e2b6393c8b/33a3b430-6e09-4188-8af1-797de6a32f2e.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Hon. Chrystia Freeland in conversation with Martin Wolf, CBE - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/fa334fcf-2161-43a2-993b-7f166aa039af/Freeland-head.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Hon. Chrystia Freeland in conversation with Martin Wolf, CBE - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Chrystia Freeland</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/3bc5a391-2abc-4aa1-a8dc-1b666e7c9421/240353.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Hon. Chrystia Freeland in conversation with Martin Wolf, CBE - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Martin Wolf</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/4c96f0a2-3f12-44ba-aca7-efcf87d1ffaa/Screenshot+2024-04-18+at+4.12.54+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Hon. Chrystia Freeland in conversation with Martin Wolf, CBE - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/4/22/book-talk-the-unfinished-quest-indias-search-for-major-power-status-from-nehru-to-modi</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-04-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/b1c0ca83-e2dc-4001-ae58-d061a96d94c4/A+conversation+%28851+x+420+px%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Unfinished Quest: India's Search for Major Power Status from Nehru to Modi - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/4/17/a-conversation-about-india</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-04-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/727476c3-b1f2-476f-96de-d1c1556b4932/A+conversation.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A Conversation About India - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/78a1b160-ad55-4535-99a6-b3f0980375fd/Ramesh+Thakur.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A Conversation About India - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ramesh Thakur</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/8a61b086-a413-4bac-8887-fd1615d49d0a/Page+20_Email.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A Conversation About India - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Haroon Siddiqui</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/3/6/cold-war-20-artificial-intelligence-in-the-new-battle-between-china-russia-and-america-by-george-s-takach</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-03-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/5d72d85f-0517-4f15-bfc9-fff992175685/Screenshot+2024-02-21+at+4.47.27+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Cold War 2.0: Artificial Intelligence in the New Battle Between China, Russia, and America, by George S. Takach - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/2/20/elections-marathon-in-a-turbulent-world-with-helen-clark</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-03-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/bd1646b0-1f2b-4f58-924b-8a915d2f6db8/Screenshot+2024-02-20+at+4.27.59+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Elections Marathon in a Turbulent World, with Helen Clark - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/5fddad69-a000-4515-bf35-8e3f2ca4b8ea/Screenshot+2024-02-20+at+4.16.24+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Elections Marathon in a Turbulent World, with Helen Clark - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/3/13/book-talk-war-work-and-want-by-randall-hansen</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-03-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/ccecd211-e137-40f5-8fe2-0e82d60d6459/Screenshot+2024-02-14+at+5.45.24+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk: War, Work, and Want, by Randall Hansen - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/2/6/virtual-book-launch-deterrence-in-the-21st-century-statecraft-in-the-information-age</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-03-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/924503b6-82b9-400d-a199-4a3c04fd5d2c/Screenshot+2024-02-06+at+6.17.41+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Virtual Book Launch: Deterrence in the 21st Century: Statecraft in the Information Age - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/2/1/canadian-diplomacy-in-a-troubled-world</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-02-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/d9e35f93-b3c1-4df8-b521-494de8876818/Screenshot+2024-01-23+at+3.03.40+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Canadian Diplomacy in a Troubled World - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/2/7/the-changing-role-of-media-covering-contemporary-warfare</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-02-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/79d5a03f-18c8-49c0-85bd-5a7f6c005760/zelensky-e1669906844325-1200x675.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Changing Role of Media Covering Contemporary Warfare - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image Credit: RAWPIXEL/Public Domain</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/8d6ea04a-8ed8-4cea-bbf8-d8c5e3f2a286/thumbnail_Outlook-2abx3pjc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Changing Role of Media Covering Contemporary Warfare - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ralph Betleiger</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/1/24/book-talk-the-the-international-legal-orders-colour-line</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-02-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/9ab0c95b-a22b-4a46-802d-130179b807ef/Screenshot+2024-01-12+at+5.31.08%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk:  The International Legal Order’s Colour Line - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/5c0ae066-3f8d-40d9-a678-424ca4564f08/Screenshot+2024-01-12+at+5.31.14%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk:  The International Legal Order’s Colour Line - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2024/1/24/book-talk-the-concertation-impulse-in-world-politics-by-andrew-f-cooper</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-02-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/4e031077-fabf-4979-b7c6-d53dbec9ac69/41GuEA2i2lL._AC_UF1000%2C1000_QL80_.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk: The Concertation Impulse in World Politics by Andrew F. Cooper - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/0ce3a1c4-1b8a-4989-8200-a684ecd51682/andrew-f-cooper-480x380.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Talk: The Concertation Impulse in World Politics by Andrew F. Cooper - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/11/16/misunderstanding-russia-a-diplomats-reflections</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-11-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/8352ef66-a109-427a-a7e8-fa4de599a606/Vladimir_Putin_%282022-12-2%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - (Mis)understanding Russia: A Diplomat's Reflections - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image: “Vladimir Putin (2022-12-2),” by Wikipedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 4.0 DEED</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/64e7cc42-fcca-4a13-9459-610b8938ace9/sarty-200x200-200x200.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - (Mis)understanding Russia: A Diplomat's Reflections - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/11/2/overcoming-challenges-to-a-peaceful-and-prosperous-international-order-a-proactive-role-for-the-g7</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-11-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/0667b9aa-8ae2-44cb-bc5e-f88264ce5f25/Screenshot+2023-10-17+at+11.35.26+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Overcoming Challenges to a Peaceful and Prosperous International Order: A Proactive Role for the G7 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/05efe343-933e-4930-b6ff-b7d32edda803/Screenshot+2023-10-17+at+11.42.07+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Overcoming Challenges to a Peaceful and Prosperous International Order: A Proactive Role for the G7 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/10/30/the-future-of-norad</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-12-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1efc9e41-1817-40d4-a734-9e1d6fba9b45/the-system-control-division-area-at-the-north-american-air-defense-command-07b4df-1024.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - NORAD: Past, Present, Future - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image: “The System Control Division area at the North American Air Defense Command (NORAD) Cheyenne Mountain Complex,” by The U.S. National Archives, licensed under PDM 1.0 DEED</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/10/12/natural-allies-environment-energy-and-the-history-of-us-canada-relations-by-daniel-macfarlane</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-10-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/a727086e-922a-464f-8b45-bdd16a5794ff/81wPi4funLL._AC_UF350%2C350_QL50_.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Natural Allies: Environment, Energy, and the History of US-Canada Relations, by Daniel Macfarlane - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/244abdf3-8f6a-4eef-9130-4278dfbea360/thumbnail_Macfarlane%2BDaniel%2B-%2Bheadshot.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Natural Allies: Environment, Energy, and the History of US-Canada Relations, by Daniel Macfarlane - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Daniel Mcfarlane</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/11/20/book-launch-not-here-by-rob-goodman</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-12-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/091561ff-4fa7-4ec5-a7aa-2536cc623a49/Screenshot+2023-09-18+at+12.18.55+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Not Here, by Rob Goodman - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/29e6c585-0958-4abd-8024-5b8845a9a5ba/not-here-9781668012437_hr.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Not Here, by Rob Goodman - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/10/4/book-launch-canada-alone-navigating-the-post-american-world-by-kim-richard-nossal</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-10-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/83247e5e-ff77-4df5-ab2b-466518b90ae6/Screenshot+2023-08-23+at+4.00.41+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch - Canada Alone: Navigating the Post-American World, by Kim Richard Nossal - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/778eb6a4-ca8a-424e-9c49-24a0b6fd6cdb/71YGOQbz4eL._SL1500_.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch - Canada Alone: Navigating the Post-American World, by Kim Richard Nossal - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/672ea4fe-a14c-4bd1-b733-4f1de537dd59/8flbbj0snbedo54lhkgaqc5npn._SY600_.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch - Canada Alone: Navigating the Post-American World, by Kim Richard Nossal - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/9/27/virtual-book-launch-statesmen-strategists-and-diplomats-canadas-prime-ministers-and-the-making-of-foreign-policy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-09-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/f227cdcc-aaf8-48f2-addb-375529550a22/Prime_Ministers_of_Canada_to_1963.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Statesmen, Strategists, and Diplomats: Canada's Prime Ministers and the Making of Foreign Policy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Photo: Wikipedia, Public Domain</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/b019427c-2674-4723-afb9-fb8424fc8f2a/9780774868556.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Statesmen, Strategists, and Diplomats: Canada's Prime Ministers and the Making of Foreign Policy - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image: UBC Press</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/10/2/book-launch-cracking-the-nazi-code</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-10-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/986afab4-3f26-410f-ae86-92ff5b433c0b/Screenshot+2023-07-17+at+10.29.16+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Cracking the Nazi Code - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/5/25/associated-event-work-class-and-social-democracy-in-the-global-age-of-august-bebel-1840-1913</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-06-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/bd306ff5-fef4-480f-8bfb-86c882fc0441/PDF+poster+with+conference+QR+code+sm.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event: Work, Class, and Social Democracy in the Global Age of August Bebel (1840-1913) - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/673caaaf-8124-4b2b-ae81-ac8955f78db0/Keynote-poster-JHI.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event: Work, Class, and Social Democracy in the Global Age of August Bebel (1840-1913) - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/4/5/25-years-of-the-good-friday-agreement</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-06-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/f56cefe3-01a9-44bc-9345-b6347c69f713/Good+Friday+Agreement+panel.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event: 25 Years of the Good Friday Agreement - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/3/9/canadas-indo-pacific-strategy-what-does-it-mean</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-03-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/04490f52-7b1f-4af1-9c6e-63a3757837f4/Final+Version_CSGJ_Canada%27s+Info+Pacific+Strategy+MAR27+%282%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Canada's Indo-Pacific Strategy: What Does it Mean? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/3/13/russia-in-ukraineand-beyond</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-03-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/feb61625-d3ee-456e-98a4-7254d1dd1135/download.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Russia in Ukraine...and Beyond - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/3/16/the-pulse-of-democracy-history-and-public-opinion-in-the-atomic-age</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-03-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/6ac89cb9-541b-4258-93f0-58a726afb904/Yellow+Photocentric+Girl+Memorial+Slideshow.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Pulse of Democracy: History and Public Opinion in the Atomic Age - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/56e02609-2baa-4c0e-a642-db101fcb6c93/thumbnail_Davis+Photo.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Pulse of Democracy: History and Public Opinion in the Atomic Age - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/2/17/accessing-historic-records-on-intelligence</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-11-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/a9a3fcb0-b597-4279-80be-795baaa0af61/https___cdn.evbuc.com_images_425638039_46342849935_1_original.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Accessing Historic Records on Intelligence and International Affairs - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1121f5e1-5952-4761-b6fa-208b48d29ead/Poster+-+CFIHP+%27Accessing+Historic+Records+on+Intelligence%27+2023+Symposium.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Accessing Historic Records on Intelligence and International Affairs - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/3/a-conversation-on-populism-and-populist-leaders9</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-03-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/5107496b-9d37-44f5-897b-d9f34a594c03/Hon_Kathleen_Wynne_MPP_Premier_of_Ontario.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A Conversation on Populism and Populist Leaders - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Kathleen Wynne - Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/58f003cd-1c50-48a7-8b36-e4423e99b7a0/Edward-Greenspon-1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A Conversation on Populism and Populist Leaders - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ed Greenspon - Public Policy Forum</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/3/7/confronting-saddam-hussein-a-conversation-with-melvyn-leffler</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-03-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1d01539e-c892-470d-b0f4-d68a919402f6/Green+Typography+and+Photo+Animal+Rights+Poster.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Confronting Saddam Hussein: A Conversation with Melvyn Leffler - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/1/18/book-talk-with-fritz-bartel</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-02-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/40dfb6bd-acd4-445c-963b-12ed606a73d0/Screen+Shot+2023-01-16+at+6.40.07+PM.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch with Fritz Bartel: "The Triumph of Broken Promises: The End of the Cold War and the Rise of Neoliberalism" - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/e2bbd5e0-5864-485f-9252-2016798a956d/Screen+Shot+2023-01-16+at+6.42.49+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch with Fritz Bartel: "The Triumph of Broken Promises: The End of the Cold War and the Rise of Neoliberalism" - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/1/18/reflections-on-afghanistan-between-war-and-peace</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-02-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/2f93b624-84e9-443d-9e65-bd5479eca2bc/Screen+Shot+2022-12-20+at+2.46.10+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Reflections on Afghanistan: Between War and Peace - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2023/1/18/the-restitution-dialogues-exploring-the-vatican-archives</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-01-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/ba5e3c10-de0f-4a05-a6ff-f8072f971850/Screenshot+2022-12-14+at+5.10.11+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues: Exploring the Vatican Archives - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/24b8250b-1851-431b-890f-6ddb9107a4a5/Overlooking_the_Vatican_City_%285940864021%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues: Exploring the Vatican Archives - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Overlooking the Vatican City” by Alex Proimos / licensed under CC BY 2.0</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/11/24/celebrating-and-evaluating-the-writing-of-canadas-political-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-01-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1667938120140-OX6FBEYCEYC72VRBR3Z7/Screen+Shot+2022-11-05+at+1.15.55+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Celebrating and Evaluating the Writing of Canada’s Political History - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/9/9/chrtiens-world-canadian-foreign-policy-1993-2003</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-11-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1661472309584-6HPWYVCSQ9ZJR8N9IA4C/697a193d-3b11-4682-b00e-b0ca40ffb746.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Chrétien's World: Canadian Foreign Policy, 1993-2003 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/aa160ac0-9372-4e74-a36a-df7be090da01/jean-chretien.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Chrétien's World: Canadian Foreign Policy, 1993-2003 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Photo of Jean Chrétien. Wikimedia Commons (Creative Commons licence)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/9/19/fritz-bartel-on-the-triumph-of-broken-promises-the-end-of-the-cold-war-and-the-rise-of-neoliberalism-associated-event</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-10-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1661204566968-P079HVTBWPO3DW74JZ2M/Bartel01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Fritz Bartel on The Triumph of Broken Promises: The End of the Cold War and the Rise of Neoliberalism (Associated Event) - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1661204604457-6BNMLD3C8SGWG3RC0LBO/58885931.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Fritz Bartel on The Triumph of Broken Promises: The End of the Cold War and the Rise of Neoliberalism (Associated Event) - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/9/12/an-evening-with-margaret-macmillan</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-09-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1658466647739-5OUQPIMR4X2D0M4EXGT0/Screen+Shot+2022-07-22+at+1.10.17+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - An Evening with Margaret MacMillan - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1658466134411-IW51L57A0LZLQS0NSYO8/MM-ppq5c63snwsj7b4hb4uomnug0ukm3jsnh4ry14zl2o.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - An Evening with Margaret MacMillan - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Photo Credit: Ander McIntyre</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/7/26/associated-event-100-years-of-foreign-affairs-the-history-that-made-the-world-today</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-09-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1657995341964-P63T6S0OE5GVADFAKAYV/historians.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - 100 Years of Foreign Affairs: The History That Made the World Today - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/6/7/book-launch-canadian-spy-story-irish-revolutionaries-and-the-secret-policy-by-david-a-wilson</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-01-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1654643507811-SN2NDL7AP4GSTNII3XAM/Screen+Shot+2022-06-07+at+7.11.30+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch—Canadian Spy Story: Irish Revolutionaries and the Secret Police, by David A. Wilson - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image credit: Chapters Indigo</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/5/10/g7-strengthening-security-amp-sustainability-german-amp-canadian-contributions</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-07-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1651625393666-IHXDC05KWQA7ESRDKDF7/Screen+Shot+2022-05-03+at+8.18.11+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - G7 Strengthening Security &amp;amp; Sustainability: German &amp;amp; Canadian Contributions - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1651620551061-YW55PM9DR7Z52KOHCGVQ/Merkel_readout_1040x585.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - G7 Strengthening Security &amp;amp; Sustainability: German &amp;amp; Canadian Contributions - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image: Prime Minister’s Office</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/4/20/book-launch-ice-war-diplomat-hockey-meets-cold-war-politics-at-the-1972-summit-series-by-gary-j-smith</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-05-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1648849184391-F680PQ2Y5FZWJ6SP6KA9/Screen+Shot+2022-04-01+at+3.37.42+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Ice War Diplomat: Hockey Meets Cold War Politics at the 1972 Summit Series - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1648849016128-JRH8MVH0O7J3JEKNA7Y5/Screen+Shot+2022-04-01+at+5.25.45+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Ice War Diplomat: Hockey Meets Cold War Politics at the 1972 Summit Series - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1648849096418-W06EHWI6HHMTQL3Z96U1/Screen+Shot+2022-04-01+at+5.38.02+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Ice War Diplomat: Hockey Meets Cold War Politics at the 1972 Summit Series - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/4/13/german-social-democracy-through-british-eyes-a-documentary-history-1870-1914</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-05-18</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/3/23/associated-eventnbsphow-to-confront-a-dictator-benjamin-hett</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-04-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1647646123108-86U8LQEHKG1Z5TGC9OQ6/f20dd738-2171-2e44-be74-73936471fb2f.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event—&amp;nbsp;How to Confront a Dictator: Benjamin Hett - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1647646172639-6Q1DZZJIX88KR54DAUSO/81SGfb9EvAL.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event—&amp;nbsp;How to Confront a Dictator: Benjamin Hett - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/3/10/women-as-change-makers-in-public-life</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-05-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1646171532982-FFU7X16OAB5NUL4VZJIQ/42564f17-ffe4-45b2-b14a-53a6bbee5f62.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Women as Changemakers in Public Life - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1646180309618-FTL7C257J0AAAFCXTUSE/Dowdeswell_197+Colour+Final.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Women as Changemakers in Public Life - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1646180275170-ZZ7N2QB11CKLQ0UPPLVY/Headshot.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Women as Changemakers in Public Life - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1646180154862-JVBQYCIGWRWATY236UTY/thumbnail_RAM%2BPhoto.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Women as Changemakers in Public Life - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/3/8/genealogies-of-terrorism-colonial-law-and-postcolonial-legacies</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-05-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1643836090043-GN8XARWUIKSMAA9AR5VK/de4b4377-26eb-4c76-84eb-84a887643f7f.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Genealogies of Terrorism: Colonial Law and Postcolonial Legacies - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1643836311152-BK797Y63FSDT9MA4QIEZ/MCQuade-Copy-196x275.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Genealogies of Terrorism: Colonial Law and Postcolonial Legacies - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/2/8/the-restitution-dialogues</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-08-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642713501968-OPX885WT4TKWJHZ0Z0ZX/static1.squarespace.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642713478257-HFNN9YEXX1PB4NR9PKWZ/image001.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642716292959-IJYFA6UG55I1C20C33IY/Cover.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642712344812-MWGAO8JEL6SQMP9EUZLL/Screen+Shot+2022-01-20+at+3.57.02+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues</image:title>
      <image:caption>Leora Bilsky is The Benno Gitter Chair in Human Rights and Holocaust Research at the Tel Aviv University faculty of law and the director of the Minerva Center for Human Rights. She clerked at the Israel Supreme Court and earned her L.L.M and J.S.D from Yale Law School. Bilsky is the author of Transformative Justice: Israeli Identity on Trial (University of Michigan Press, 2004) and The Holocaust, Corporations, and the Law: Unfinished Business (University of Michigan Press, 2017). Her main areas of research are law and the Holocaust, transitional justice, international criminal law, feminist legal theory, and the relationship between law, history and memory. Her current research focuses on restitution and cultural genocide. bilskyl@tauex.tau.ac.il</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642712693418-3IMW2JVF1Y4HPGBLBAPA/Alex-018+B%26W.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Alexander Herman is Director of the UK-based Institute of Art and Law and co- directs the ‘Art, Business and Law’ LLM developed in partnership with the Centre for Commercial Law Studies at Queen Mary, University of London (UK). He has written, taught and presented on an array of topics in relation to art and cultural property, including on international conventions, museum practice, art collecting and the restitution of cultural objects. His writing has appeared in The Globe &amp; Mail, The National Post, The Art Newspaper and Canadian Art, and he has been quoted widely on art-law topics, including in The New York Times, The Atlantic, The Guardian, The Telegraph, ArtNET, Bloomberg and Haaretz. He recently led an Arts Council England project to draft guidance for English museums on the restitution and repatriation of collection items. He is Canadian, with an MA from Trinity College Dublin and a BCL/LL.B from McGill University. Prior to his time at the Institute of Art and Law, he practised law in Montreal and worked for English art-law barrister the late Norman Palmer QC CBE.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642711991624-K3BAL1F2QFLSCF8RGQKZ/_SEG1558+cropped+Juanita+Johnston.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Juanita Johnston is the Interim Executive Director for U’mista Cultural Centre in Alert Bay, BC, where she grew up. She is of Weka’yi (Kwakwaka’wakw) and Haida descent on her mother’s side and was adopted in the big house in 1994 by ’Nulis and Gwimolas (Edwin and Vera Newman) and given the name Tłaliłalas. Johnston has worked at U’mista in various capacities since 1989: she has supported membership; maintained and researched collections; contributed to exhibit development; managed the tourism portfolio; coordinated numerous projects including the opening of The Power of Giving in Alert Bay and programming for Die Macht des Schenkens in Dresden, Germany; and is now interim Executive Director. The highlight of her U’mista career remains traveling to traditional villages and other culturally significant sites by boat and helicopter with elders. She has also worked for the UBC Museum of Anthropology, has studied cultural stewardship and museum studies, and authored The Living World: Plants and Animals of the Kwakwaka’wakw. Her most recent success includes increasing capacity at U’mista and hiring all Kwakwaka’wakw employees for all aspects of the cultural centre.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642712067515-URTVI9H3QKWYA2QGHH9F/197825260_1662896603899750_1697043446079308823_n.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>John Meehan A historian by training, Dr. John Meehan has a BA in History and Russian Studies from McGill University, a diploma in Theology from Magdalen College, Oxford, an MA in International Relations from the School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) at Johns Hopkins University and a PhD in History from the University of Toronto. His publications include The Dominion and the Rising Sun: Canada Encounters Japan, 1929-1941 (winner of the Prime Minister’s Award in Japan) and Chasing the Dragon in Shanghai: Canada’s Early Relations with China, 1858-1952. A former President of Campion College (U of Regina) and the University of Sudbury, he has taught and published on Canadian foreign relations, Asia Pacific studies and relations with Indigenous peoples.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642711894752-PFDH4ESX9M30XL2RW2S7/Mayo+Moran+-+Head+Shot+2020.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Mayo Moran is Provost and Vice-Chancellor of Trinity College, Professor of Law and former Dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Toronto.  Her work is at the intersection of private and public law and focuses on the role of law in redressing historic injustice.  Provost Moran has published and lectured extensively on private law, comparative constitutional law, and legal and feminist theory.  Her book, The Problem of the Past and How to Fix It, is forthcoming from Oxford University Press in 2022.  She is also a co-organizer of “The Restitution Dialogues”, a series of transnational conversations about cultural loss and return, the first of which was held in Tel Aviv in December 2019.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642712803688-1O1HR5OZUZZ7Q137XV44/1634742351420.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jennifer Orange is an assistant professor in the Lincoln Alexander School of Law. Prior to that, she was a post-doctoral fellow at the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History at the University of Toronto, a member of the Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario and a litigator at Torys LLP. Her interdisciplinary research investigates the ways that cultural institutions support the dissemination and evolution of human rights norms. Her work explains how human rights communities of practice that include both state and non-state actors can promote a human rights culture. Orange is also conducting research on the return of cultural artefacts to Indigenous communities. Orange has written in the areas of international law, constitutional law, human rights, truth and reconciliation, and museology, including publications in Human Rights Quarterly, the UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs, and the Journal of Museum Management and Curatorship. She has held a number of fellowships, including a Jackman Humanities Institute-Mellon Fellowship. As of April 2021, Jennifer has been appointed as a part-time member of the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal for a 5-year term.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642712996384-JQHAXDYEJIIRO811MSZR/csm_Weller_Portrait_919f0e4abe.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Restitution Dialogues - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Prof. Dr. Matthias Weller is the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Professor for civil law, art and cultural property law, and one of the two Directors of the Bonn Institute for German and International Civil Procedure (“Institut für deutsches und internationales Zivilverfahrensrecht”).  Prof. Weller’s legal education was at the Universities of Heidelberg and Cambridge, UK (St. John’s College). Later, he was, inter alia, Joseph Story Fellow of Private International Law at the Harvard Law School and worked with an attorney admitted to the bar of the Federal Court of Justice. From 2014 to 2018 he was Vice Dean and Member of the Senate at the EBS University of Wiesbaden, Germany. He joined the Foundation of the German Institute for Art and Law IFKUR e.V. in Heidelberg in 2006, and until 2020 co-chaired and organised the annual “Heidelberg Art Law Conference”. Prof. Weller publishes on private law, art and cultural property law, private international law, international civil litigation and arbitration as well as transnational commercial law. He is a member of the German Arbitration Institution (DIS) and a specialised arbitrator of the Court of Arbitration for Art (CAfA).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2022/2/3/coming-soon-st-laurents-gray-lecture-after-75-years</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-07-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1642534572234-ONIKMZUZJKRYZE55H7MU/louis_et_canne.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - St. Laurent's Gray Lecture after 75 Years - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/11/30/does-brexit-mean-the-break-up-of-the-united-kingdom-by-sir-graham-watson</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-11-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1637005109157-GWZSFFD845BR1RRCSC1V/37c00de5-a707-473d-970f-8c185383d479.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - "Does Brexit Mean the Break-Up of the United Kingdom?" by Sir Graham Watson - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1637005242896-T59RKLVKSKZAYH4A6G3W/GrahamWatsonMEPHead_and_Shoulders.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - "Does Brexit Mean the Break-Up of the United Kingdom?" by Sir Graham Watson - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Sir Graham Watson</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1637006110976-9D5JQYSONWUUDSQBI54W/Screen+Shot+2021-11-15+at+2.46.02+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - "Does Brexit Mean the Break-Up of the United Kingdom?" by Sir Graham Watson - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image: The Guardian</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/10/21/g20-summitry-performance-prospects-proposals-for-rome-2021</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-11-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1634074379357-97LQQ1SWQLGCFGWCB2XC/WordPress-Image-2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - G20 Summitry: Performance, Prospects, Proposals for Rome 2021 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image: Policy Options</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/10/22/book-launch-the-rwell-sirois-commission-and-the-remaking-of-canadian-federalism</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-11-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1632867650982-LE5JLLDDZYWCT3E1AC4O/9780774865012+%281%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: The Rowell-Sirois Commission and the Remaking of Canadian Federalism - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/10/28/book-launch-flora-a-woman-in-a-mans-world</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-11-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1632863572905-UG12PT6VZNNQB2SZ6A9R/thumbnail_Flora%21+Cover+image.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Flora! A Woman in a Man's World - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/9/16/lost-and-fonds-declassification-of-government-documents-in-canada</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-10-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1630607972670-0E06NH5D8E10USLW0A2J/ffb8c184-a77b-406c-a898-235262921170.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Lost and Fonds: Declassification of Government Documents in Canada - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/4/22/canada-and-the-korean-war-a-forgotten-ally-in-a-forgotten-war</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1618555901918-3YTIEOAOV7CA6INCACSY/Korean+War.PNG</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event—Canada and the Korean War: A Forgotten Ally in a Forgotten War</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1618555980394-Z3QU6LIBE89FP2TIOBDS/Speakers.PNG</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event—Canada and the Korean War: A Forgotten Ally in a Forgotten War</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/4/26/a-conversation-with-bob-rae</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1617135492635-WOLA6F3SC5K6SZB9095D/static1.squarespace.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A Conversation with Bob Rae</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1617135589475-JHL5XPEBK3VTBHFF35J1/Bob-Rae-Retouch-1000x500.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - A Conversation with Bob Rae</image:title>
      <image:caption>Bob Rae, Permanent Representative of Canada to the United Nations</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/3/22/an-oxford-union-style-debate-be-it-resolved-that-canada-should-sign-the-treaty-on-the-prohibition-of-nuclear-weapons</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1615926726183-84X7HOM9T06Z1C66KEE5/Screen+Shot+2021-03-16+at+4.29.49+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - An Oxford Union-style Debate: "Be it Resolved That Canada should sign the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons"</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1615948189704-S6C51ZQ24GE5S9GO5XBP/Screen+Shot+2021-03-16+at+10.28.33+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - An Oxford Union-style Debate: "Be it Resolved That Canada should sign the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons"</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1615925761635-2PVE5ZTW1BJAWC7IFUQG/nuke-the-moon-1608215590.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - An Oxford Union-style Debate: "Be it Resolved That Canada should sign the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons"</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/5/21/canada-in-the-age-of-eisenhower</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1582928286097-3G6HMXM1ONIP2IGDZ8HQ/c053458-v8.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Canada in the Age of Eisenhower</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/5/6/associated-event-welcome-to-between-postwar-and-present-day-canada-1970-2000-local-national-global</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1615243583390-EYJIE34FI8QC4B76WLJS/eda4da68c0e89c25f0ba6347b5d6b2ff.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event: Between Postwar and Present Day: Canada, 1970 – 2000 – Local, National, Global</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/3/10/associated-event-massey-dialogues-climate-displacement-in-the-arctic</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-03-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1614991208315-LHUDTUFCBTRGUX1X0PQP/IMG_EEBCE0757A9F-1.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event— Massey Dialogues: Climate Displacement in the Arctic</image:title>
      <image:caption>This event will be broadcast online and is free and open to all – there is no login or registration required to tune in. Click here to watch the livestream. Rapid and accelerating climate change is causing the Arctic to heat at three times the global average. There are many opinions on what this means to the people of the North in various time frames as well as implications for infrastructure from melting tundra and rising sea levels that may cause human displacement. At the same time, Arctic warming is renewing discussions of the implications of northern commercial trade routes and the need to build ports and other physical infrastructure. These changing conditions in the Arctic raise questions of the adequacy of Arctic governance and legal infrastructure. Are there legal or institutional gaps that we need to contemplate? Please join us for a rich conversation with Kluane Ademak, Regional Chief, Assembly of First Nations, Yukon; Suzanne Lalonde, Professor of International Law, University of Montreal and Brent Doberstein Associate Chair Undergraduate Department of Geography &amp; Environmental Management, University of Waterloo on what is being lost and gained as the Arctic changes. Moderated by Rosemary McCarney, Senior Fellow in Foreign Defence Policy, Massey College; Former Ambassador and permanent representative to the United Nations and the Conference on Disarmament.   Co-Sponsors: Massey Arctic Series, Massey is Missing COP26, the World Refugee and Migration Council, The Graham Centre.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/3/16/book-launchthe-frontlines-of-peace-an-insiders-guide-to-changing-the-world</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1614893766695-4VCUO855EUVRFH1VGXNB/41FzFbyw0oL.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch—The Frontlines of Peace: An Insider's Guide to Changing the World</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/3/10/book-discussion-the-art-of-sharing</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1614800055330-K3N4FDC2CQ3RKNJUIKFX/61YW1Y5HLtL.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Discussion: The Art of Sharing</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/2/24/the-changing-face-of-diplomacy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1613684014557-59MN6SPCKI87MVWNDJ8T/9c28d661-9240-43d5-9afc-153883c1b4e5.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Changing Face of Diplomacy</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1613510885554-R56GZ56HW7IGGJC2K01X/7e73eb54-d597-4954-a197-97d43388c97e.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Changing Face of Diplomacy</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1613606724143-XXHDJ8L3K4LGBCCFDO9Q/Screen+Shot+2021-02-17+at+7.05.01+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Changing Face of Diplomacy</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/2/1/the-archives-of-global-history-in-a-time-of-international-immobility-seminar-series</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-02-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1612213452808-3M9SCBT112F7GB5I8B85/The%2520archives%2520of%2520Global%2520History%2520in%2520a%2520time%2520of%2520international%2520immobility.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event— The Archives of Global History in a Time of International Immobility Seminar Series</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/2/9/the-tenure-of-israeli-prime-minister-menachem-begin-1977-1983-lessons-for-history-and-international-relations</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-18</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/1/29/associated-event-cultural-heritage-protection-and-international-cooperation-in-the-arctic</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-02-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1611686799773-TKCI4VATGNLIL3O3MGNI/https___cdn.evbuc.com_images_123922163_179402450541_1_original.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event: Cultural Heritage Protection and International Cooperation in the Arctic</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/1/27/associated-event-lse-sciences-po-international-history-seminar</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-02-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1611616287944-XIHW5X2LRA955BD4RKG8/hrjl.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event: LSE-Sciences Po International History Seminar</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/1/25/massey-college-arctic-series-the-arctic-and-global-security</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1611101446000-ANQCVA5XIXF66CNIXGCQ/GGB6326FZNDYLB67C3ZUJTTD4Q.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Massey College Arctic Series: The Arctic and Global Security</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Globe and Mail</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2021/1/19/associated-eventruin-and-renewal-civilising-europe-after-the-second-world-war</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1610747636745-0GRFTCBDMNP30L2AZSN1/for_website_use_this_one_0.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Associated Event—Ruin and Renewal: Civilising Europe after the Second World War</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/11/26/book-launch-nuclear-north-histories-of-canada-in-the-atomic-age</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-12-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1605800641578-BBQAEVQWDZ76AQB5CE05/9780774863995fc-146447-510x590.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: The Nuclear North: Histories of Canada in the Atomic Age</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/12/3/the-unexpected-louis-st-laurent-politics-and-policies-for-a-modern-canada</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-12-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1605554645505-WTG5PBGA763I9LIRQ45V/Screen+Shot+2020-11-16+at+2.23.09+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Unexpected Louis St. Laurent: Politics and Policies for a Modern Canada</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1605554956282-DOQVZAAKA3M6L41M50G3/9780774864046fc-146495-600x800.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Unexpected Louis St. Laurent: Politics and Policies for a Modern Canada</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/11/16/after-the-vote-a-us-election-post-mortem</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-11-19</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1604610650480-0THWXZLB0821TNDXEKFI/d6adb16b-7a0e-495c-8f91-91a8b72b1a32.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - After the Vote: A US Election Postmortem</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1604610701280-SVTK57NP6TQ6EB3YO784/09a3dd9d-94f6-4e0a-b098-66ac29d61330.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - After the Vote: A US Election Postmortem</image:title>
      <image:caption>Prof. Robert Bothwell of the University of Toronto</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1604611223004-0CDRIVFK4KB2ZUOH7H6C/e15b73c0-dc97-4885-8a61-fb480da9d184.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - After the Vote: A US Election Postmortem</image:title>
      <image:caption>Prof. Tom Nichols of the US Naval War College</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/9/10/book-launch-for-might-nature-be-canadian-essays-on-mutual-accommodation-by-william-a-macdonald</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-10-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1603830461124-BTGEVJRQ7PV9YYALDJLK/Screen+Shot+2020-10-27+at+4.27.15+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book launch for "Might Nature Be Canadian? Essays on Mutual Accommodation", by William A. Macdonald</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1603830661846-CDRUYDVR4JZF33YVRK8C/21454b72-77e0-44c8-aeac-74e75f3a5d0c.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book launch for "Might Nature Be Canadian? Essays on Mutual Accommodation", by William A. Macdonald</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/10/23/pacific-transformation-the-korean-war-and-korean-canadian-engagement-since-1950</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-10-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1603381133930-S0BCK8XBVSYNR8TQLC3K/Screen+Shot+2020-10-22+at+11.36.59+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Pacific Transformation: The Korean War and Korean-Canadian Engagement since 1950</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/9/28/virtual-book-launch-war-how-conflict-shaped-us</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-10-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1601329357538-Q9FQX4UIMZF5C983SUWA/e613871c-1da7-4035-a412-e1bff99e3e1c.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Virtual Book Launch— War: How Conflict Shaped Us</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/4/28/covid-19-perspectives-on-its-global-security-challenges</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-05-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1587494607260-SJKH98E01ZDRFFNE9JI7/Covid+Poster+FINAL.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Covid-19: Perspectives on its Global Security Challenges</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/3/3/putting-culture-into-cultural-diplomacy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1582750309162-OU4K6SUKBJVRJ5PFXQB1/HutchisonLecture2020-Invite.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Putting Culture into Cultural Diplomacy</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/2/26/should-history-matter-the-foreign-policy-makers-dilemma</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1582065287987-ITD686FSB7S2RWMCLVSP/Screen+Shot+2020-02-18+at+5.33.30+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Should History Matter? The Foreign Policy Maker's Dilemma</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/2/10/do-leaders-make-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1581370985731-G8S8HKKE4OT5KLH8EIOQ/Screen+Shot+2020-02-10+at+4.42.47+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Do Leaders Make History?</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/1/10/liberal-internationalism-then-and-now</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1577495533191-0DVREG5KZ87VTXZZIBPF/Screen+Shot+2019-12-27+at+8.10.05+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Liberal Internationalism, Then and Now</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2020/2/6/canada-and-the-challenge-of-genocide-in-asia</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-31</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1576640853400-QL62MFPZ03EISBCG61CK/Screen+Shot+2019-12-17+at+10.46.05+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Canada and the Challenge of Genocide in Asia</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
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    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1581369080815-86HKNR2GE6YZGYYPQ4VY/thumbnail_IJC+Photo.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Watery Environments and Fluid Borders</image:title>
      <image:caption>Kim Richard Nossal, Meredith Denning, Daniel Macfarlane, and Noah Hall (Left to Right)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/11/26/the-end-of-the-cold-war-thirty-years-after-the-fall-of-the-berlin-wall</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-12-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1574185993486-XQSK3B567EDSFQB6S1L1/image-asset.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The End of the Cold War: Thirty Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/11/21/the-final-act-the-helsinki-accords-and-the-transformation-of-the-cold-war</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-12-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1574186057409-U1SA5PXWFWNDDL7RJ3FY/Screen+Shot+2019-11-19+at+12.53.54+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Final Act: The Helsinki Accords and the Transformation of the Cold War</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/11/20/agenda-2020-whats-in-store-for-canada-us-relations</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-12-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1573846636048-CDQLEWRTO5K7IAN86IDX/agenda2020_03.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Agenda 2020: What's In Store for Canada-US Relations</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/11/14/scholars-policymakers-and-canadian-foreign-aid</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1570720643269-X7MKRINMRQHQ7PMFZTH8/A+Samaritan+State+2x3+RGB+%281%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Scholars, Policymakers, and Canadian Foreign Aid</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/9/12/the-collaborative-moment-the-british-empire-in-egypt-and-india-on-the-eve-of-world-war-ii</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1569956191177-1BC3BP4CO6ZWJQG08M4R/Screen+Shot+2019-10-01+at+2.56.16+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - The Collaborative Moment: The British Empire in Egypt and India on the Eve of World War II</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/10/15/national-versus-human-security-with-dr-greg-maccallion</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1573581578961-8V2QZ3V6M5PL4YUQ4EAX/MacCallion+1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - National Versus Human Security, with Dr. Greg MacCallion</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/9/17/book-launch-canada-on-the-united-nations-security-council-a-small-power-on-a-large-stage-by-adam-chapnick</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1567282943776-OZ7M2DLOOBN9RRPKJ7IU/image-asset.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Canada on the United Nations Security Council: A Small Power on a Large Stage, by Adam Chapnick</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1570127584092-DYTVM0NHX5KIPS3OK33C/Screen+Shot+2019-10-03+at+2.32.12+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Canada on the United Nations Security Council: A Small Power on a Large Stage, by Adam Chapnick</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1570127589331-FUZECWPMRXGHPWUUH65B/Screen+Shot+2019-10-03+at+2.31.23+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: Canada on the United Nations Security Council: A Small Power on a Large Stage, by Adam Chapnick</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/11/28/book-launch-the-good-fight-marcel-cadieux-and-canadian-diplomacy-by-brendan-kelly</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-12-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1568650536175-6AJERI99KVGWRJI2PCF5/image-asset.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: The Good Fight: Marcel Cadieux and Canadian Diplomacy, by Brendan Kelly</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/6/12/conference-the-crown-in-transition</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1557083948241-EILZPZCEJNJVA706KXXH/Screen+Shot+2019-05-05+at+3.17.58+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Conference: The Crown in Transition</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1557083953002-ZJOKPB0IKTIR4TH7OKVL/Screen+Shot+2019-05-05+at+3.18.11+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Conference: The Crown in Transition</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1557083957062-ESEOSR424BTBLVZM4CTA/Screen+Shot+2019-05-05+at+3.18.17+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Conference: The Crown in Transition</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1557083960862-1JDP562D66DZVGNENTAM/Screen+Shot+2019-05-05+at+3.18.24+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Conference: The Crown in Transition</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/https/munkschoolutorontoca/event/27765</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1556314275333-WER06JFT9CQW5Z7PADW2/Screen+Shot+2019-04-26+at+10.22.19+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book launch: Enduring Alliance: A History of NATO and the Postwar Global Order, by Timothy Andrews Sayle</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/5/2/book-launch-mackenzie-king-in-the-age-of-the-dictators-by-roy-mclaren-on-may-2nd</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1556314302593-9ONJ16U94F7YPAXWONEZ/Screen+Shot+2019-04-26+at+5.16.01+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch! Mackenzie King in the Age of the Dictators by Roy McLaren, on May 2nd</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/https/munkschoolutorontoca/event/27405</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1570031881346-VPN8C5E1FMYPPSA0B01K/Screen+Shot+2019-10-02+at+11.57.01+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - India, 2019: An Infuriating, Lovable Democracy</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/3/20/refugees-in-crisis-the-responsibility-to-reform</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2019/3/7/cultural-diplomacy-and-trade-making-connections</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/11/22/the-treaty</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/11/15/book-launch-daniel-livermores-contained</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/10/23/book-launch-true-north-rising-with-whit-fraser</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/9/27/nato-summit-outcomes-panel</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/10/1/trump-and-trade</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/11/18/state-of-the-field-conference-contemporary-international-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1539882488152-7BMLOY1MQDVWGDPUNBOF/000.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - State of the Field Conference: Contemporary International History</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1542307918211-5AX5H3649YKCFF0POTCB/new-5c-20piktoc_33165392+%281%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - State of the Field Conference: Contemporary International History</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/9/13/book-launch-the-age-of-eisenhower-by-william-hitchcock</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/7/12/canadian-foreign-intelligence-history-project-workshop</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/5/22/curious-minds-morning-speaker-series-9m8bm-rxlph-b8a3g-rw5tg</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/5/22/curious-minds-morning-speaker-series-9m8bm-rxlph-b8a3g</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/5/22/curious-minds-morning-speaker-series-9m8bm-rxlph</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/5/22/curious-minds-morning-speaker-series-9m8bm-kbcfc</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/5/22/curious-minds-morning-speaker-series-9m8bm</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/5/22/curious-minds-morning-speaker-series</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/5/7/people-politics-and-purpose-biography-and-the-structures-of-canada-since-1939</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/4/12/going-nuclear-a-symposium-on-american-nuclear-politics</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/4/5/book-launch-god-save-texas-a-journey-into-the-soul-of-the-lone-star-state-by-lawrence-wright</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/2/26/the-north-korean-nuclear-challenge</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-02-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/3/5/book-launch-toward-a-better-world-memoirs-of-a-life-in-international-and-development-economics</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-02-06</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/2/14/harnessing-investment-in-the-north-american-arctic</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-01-25</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/1/24/artificial-intelligence-in-international-law-and-relations</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-01-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/11/23/trudeaus-tango</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-11-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1510780146385-KMSAJIWKTPXPQK38VJXS/Tango+-+Toronto+launch-no+guest.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Trudeau's Tango</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/11/7/a-conversation-with-bill-graham</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-11-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/10/24/the-power-of-the-prime-minister-in-canada-mel-cappe-and-patrice-dutil</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-10-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/10/23/book-launch-mikes-world-1</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-10-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/9/25/the-biggest-victory-for-the-contras-yet-hurricane-joan-and-the-cold-war-debate-over-natural-disaster-relief-aid</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-01-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/2/15/the-european-origins-of-the-collapse-of-bretton-woods</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-01-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2018/1/18/the-state-department-university-of-utah-and-the-making-of-a-national-university-for-ethiopia-1958-to-1969</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-01-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/12/7/nine-small-islands-the-development-of-chinas-south-china-sea-islands-claim-during-the-1930s</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-09-25</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/11/23/the-evolution-of-cyber-campaigns-in-russias-near-abroad-and-beyond-from-the-1990s-to-the-present</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-09-25</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/10/26/make-believe-empire-fort-ords-mock-vietnamese-village-and-the-embedding-of-the-us-military-in-popular-culture-1945-1969</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-09-25</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/9/28/mixed-motives-and-irregularities-libya-syria-and-the-responsibility-to-protect</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-09-25</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/8/18/the-ottawa-process-twenty-years-later-the-landmine-treaty-human-security-and-canada-in-the-twenty-first-century</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/10/15/future-books-that-matter-events</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/10/12/book-launch-trudeaus-world-insiders-reflect-on-foreign-policytrade-and-defence-1968-84</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-10-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/8/1/book-launch-innovation-and-adaptation-1968-1984</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-10-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/10/4/books-that-matter-why-dissent-matters</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/9/20/books-that-matter-foreign-voices-in-the-house-a-century-of-addresses-to-canadas-parliament-by-world-leaders</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/9/11/150-years-of-canadian-business-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/4/18/cic-national-office-breaking-the-ice-book-launch-with-elizabeth-riddell-dixon</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-04-17</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/4/18/cic-national-office-canadian-foreign-policy-discussion-with-roland-paris-and-kim-nossal</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-04-17</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/4/19/cic-national-office-us-and-canadian-cooperation-in-the-arctic</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/4/21/federation-and-confederation-in-central-europe-constitutions-and-society-in-the-1860s-and-beyond</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-04-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/4/3/the-world-must-choose-international-control-atomic-public-education-in-1940s-new-york-city</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-03-27</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/2/27/graham-centre-graduate-student-forum-the-jekyll-and-hyde-nature-of-dtente-arms-control-and-the-atlantic-alliance-1972-1984</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-02-27</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/3/5/birth-of-a-notion-the-vimy-idea-1917-2017</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-02-14</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/2/13/the-graham-centre-graduate-forum-presents-rationing-and-hunger-in-world-war-ii-france</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-02-06</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/1/23/contemporary-international-history-graduate-research-forum</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-01-09</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2017/1/18/book-launch-the-harper-era-in-canadian-foreign-policy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-01-09</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/11/21/the-war-scare-that-wasnt-able-archer-and-the-myths-of-the-second-cold-war</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-11-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/10/25/inside-the-national-security-archive</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-10-24</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/10/12/foreign-policy-and-the-us-presidential-election</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-10-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1475623846658-UBMKTXYL0I0S2I93DL30/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Foreign Policy and the US Presidential Election</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/10/27/the-ottawa-process-twenty-years-later-the-landmine-treaty-human-security-and-canada-in-the-twenty-first-century</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-10-04</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/9/27/britain-after-brexit</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/9/19/book-launch-alexandre-trudeaus-barbarian-lost-travels-in-the-new-china</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-09-13</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/4/27/the-uk-referendum-on-whether-to-leave-or-to-remain-in-the-eu</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-09-27</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/3/31/marcel-cadieux-pierre-trudeau-and-the-department-of-external-affairs-1968-1970</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-03-28</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/4/13/book-launch-the-new-arab-wars-uprisings-and-anarchy-in-the-middle-east</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-10-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1457599607053-MO71ZBGQRBMRIRK11QZ5/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: "The New Arab Wars: Uprisings and Anarchy in the Middle East"</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/call-of-the-world-launch</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-10-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1457596641248-M5DRJUFDXADX8V1740HV/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: "The Call of the World: A Political Memoir"</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/3/23/book-launch-conflicting-visions-canada-and-india-in-the-cold-war-world</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-03-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1457599214346-V3WJAUF8KMHCRXADGY5W/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: "Conflicting Visions: Canada and India in the Cold War World"</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1457599794565-VMBN6EZJ1JG1X63MIEIT/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: "Conflicting Visions: Canada and India in the Cold War World"</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/3/22/book-launch-australia-canada-and-iraq</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-03-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1457597566502-QP45AL3MDR1E8RJURN2D/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Book Launch: "Australia, Canada, and Iraq"</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/2/26/canadas-role-in-the-arctic-the-ongoing-debate</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-02-12</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/2/11/the-reactive-american-presidency-and-its-peril</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/1/28/accepting-untidiness-the-reagan-administrations-approach-to-the-atlantic-alliance</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1453528809530-CO8XO50SSAH4956529CO/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Accepting “Untidiness”: The Reagan Administration’s Approach to the Atlantic Alliance</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1453528854314-FFLTMPS2IJEC3RRUPF99/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Accepting “Untidiness”: The Reagan Administration’s Approach to the Atlantic Alliance</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/1/25/keynote-with-hon-carolyn-bennett-understanding-sovereignty-and-security-in-the-circumpolar-arctic</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1453528595166-7HGACDUW6MAA81K76VP7/image-asset.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Upcoming Events - Keynote with Hon. Carolyn Bennett: Understanding Sovereignty and Security in the Circumpolar Arctic</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/11/25/after-the-nuclear-deal-irans-failed-foreign-policy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-09-29</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/11/7/canada-as-a-voice-for-peace-and-development</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-02-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/11/5/staying-in-but-in-a-different-way-the-nixon-doctrine-and-the-conservative-function-of-reform-1969-1970</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/9/24/reagan-in-retrospect</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/9/21/power-interdependence-and-indifference-in-canada-us-relations-looking-past-the-elections</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-02-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/9/18/regional-governments-in-international-affairs-lessons-from-the-arctic</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/9/17/arctic-speaker-series-the-arctic-messenger-from-science-to-policy-with-david-stone</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/6/10/the-scientific-search-for-the-disappeared-international-experiences</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/5/7/a-self-assured-canada-strategic-approaches-to-influence-and-security</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/5/1/reading-the-worlds-mail-british-communications-intelligence-and-economic-warfare-1914-18</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/4/2/russia-and-nato-how-to-handle-putin</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/3/19/three-minutes-to-midnight-is-the-world-sleepwalking-into-a-nuclear-disaster</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-02-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/3/16/the-politics-of-arctic-sovereignty-oil-ice-and-inuit-governance</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/3/12/conversations-with-the-chancellor-perry-bellegarde-national-chief-of-the-assembly-of-first-nations</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-02-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/3/5/book-launch-buying-a-better-world-george-soros-and-billionaire-philanthropy-by-anna-porter</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-02-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/3/4/a-commemoration-of-the-canada-us-devils-brigade</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-02-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2016/3/2/the-politics-of-peace-in-israel</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/1/27/book-launch-tell-it-to-the-world-by-elliott-behar</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/1/26/souvenirs-from-thule-the-material-culture-of-movement-in-canada-and-iceland-1000-1969</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/11/24/the-great-war-in-canadian-political-thought-nationalism-britishness-and-empire-1914-1919</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/11/15/polanyi-conference-on-science-and-social-responsibility</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/10/29/beyond-sunnis-and-shiites-understanding-the-turbulent-reconfiguration-of-arab-states-and-citizens</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/10/28/stephen-m-walt-graduate-and-faculty-seminar</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/10/15/canada-and-the-arctic-council</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/10/14/toronto-symposium-on-genocide-and-mass-atrocity-prevention</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/10/6/envisioning-dtente-the-johnson-administration-and-the-october-1964-khrushchev-ouster</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/3/30/nuclear-weapons-past-and-present</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2014/1/10/wwi-on-film</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2013/11/11/november-11-did-vimy-ridge-matter</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2013/10/29/rumours-realities-of-war-1914-and-after</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2013/9/9/how-wars-start-the-outbreak-of-the-first-world-war</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-02-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/10/29/geopolitics-on-ice-franklin-roosevelt-global-security-and-the-polar-regions</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2015-10-14</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2013/4/9/the-pearson-government-50-years-on</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2012/4/10/afghanistan-the-australian-and-canadian-experience-compared</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/2015/10/8/book-launch-your-country-my-country-and-od-skelton</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2016-09-29</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/events/georgewbush1</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2015-10-14</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/home-page-photos</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2017-08-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1454537440692-78YI9L2KP0PYRFUY9X5Z/21526254946_f14345017d_z.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home Page Photos - Regional Governments in International Affairs: Lessons from the Arctic</image:title>
      <image:caption>Keynote with Hon. Tony Penikett (Sept 18 2015, Photography by Milan Ilnyckyj)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1454537440692-78YI9L2KP0PYRFUY9X5Z/21526254946_f14345017d_z.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home Page Photos - Regional Governments in International Affairs: Lessons from the Arctic</image:title>
      <image:caption>Keynote with Hon. Tony Penikett (Sept 18 2015, Photography by Milan Ilnyckyj)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1503079406498-0OT993O9I60O256483FU/Image-2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home Page Photos - US And Canadian Cooperation In The Arctic</image:title>
      <image:caption>On Wednesday April 19, 2017t he Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History and the Woodrow Wilson Centre as brought together leaders across the North American Arctic to discuss building a future of cooperation in the Arctic region. The conference also featured the launch of the Council on Foreign Relations Arctic Task Force Report.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1454537392551-QS3MBYGFZQJEE4HETWKF/11258000_354778441378246_1062372356148233623_n.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home Page Photos - Canadian Foreign Policy Traditions and Transitions</image:title>
      <image:caption>"Reflections on Canada and the United States: Other Views" chaired by Louis Pauly featuring Ron Pruessen and Robert Bothwell. Professor Bothwell's new book launched in September 2015: http://www.amazon.ca/Your-Country-My-Unified-History/dp/0195448804 (May 13 2015, Photography by Milan Ilnyckyj</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1454537865130-HUUWO3O7A5MGTYF1QGTE/11258000_354777081378382_7680988772172437410_n.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home Page Photos - "Grit" Book Launch</image:title>
      <image:caption>Hot off the presses! Greg Donaghy's biography of Paul Martin Sr. as part of the C.D. Howe Series in Canadian Political History with UBC Press. Get your copy here:  http://www.amazon.ca/Grit-Life-Politics-Paul-Martin/dp/0774829117 (May 13 2015, Photography by Milan Ilnyckyj</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1454538221485-KBQZKO47VPJMEJ31CZML/10574317_260077680848323_2618604403678102773_n.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home Page Photos - 1914-1918: The Making of the Modern World</image:title>
      <image:caption>LG David C. Onley, O.Ont. welcomes guests in honour of 1914-1918: The Making of the Modern World conference. Margaret MacMillan reminds us all to take pause &amp; reflect: "it only took 5 weeks for Europe to move from war to peace."  (July 31 2014)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Home Page Photos - Modern Diplomacy: A Conversation and Book Launch</image:title>
      <image:caption>On October 25, Canada's 21st Prime Minister Paul Martin and former Foreign Minister Lloyd Axworthy discussed modern diplomacy and Canada's place in the world in a conversation moderated by Chancellor of Trinity College Bill Graham, former foreign and defence minister. This event was also the Canadian launch of the Oxford Handbook of Modern Diplomacy, to which Martin and Axworthy are both contributors. Two of the volume's editors, Andrew Coopers and Jorge Heine, provided opening remarks.</image:caption>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/trinity-college</loc>
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    <lastmod>2016-01-23</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Trinity College</image:title>
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      <image:title>Trinity College</image:title>
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      <image:title>Trinity College</image:title>
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    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/cd-howe-series</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-01-15</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1454439772382-D927MC5OWZ4LN19Y48GC/Grit+Book.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>CD Howe Series - Grit: The Life and Politics of Paul Martin Sr.</image:title>
      <image:caption>By Greg Donaghy About the Book "I am not afraid to be called a politician," declared Paul Martin Sr., defending his life’s work in politics. "Next to preaching the word of God, there is nothing nobler than to serve one’s fellow countrymen in government." First elected to the House of Commons in 1935, Martin would serve in the cabinets of four prime ministers and run for the Liberal Party leadership three times. This book examines his remarkable career not only as a politician but as a liberal reformer who relentlessly tackled the issues of his day with consummate political skill and gritty determination. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1454439772382-D927MC5OWZ4LN19Y48GC/Grit+Book.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>CD Howe Series - Grit: The Life and Politics of Paul Martin Sr.</image:title>
      <image:caption>By Greg Donaghy About the Book "I am not afraid to be called a politician," declared Paul Martin Sr., defending his life’s work in politics. "Next to preaching the word of God, there is nothing nobler than to serve one’s fellow countrymen in government." First elected to the House of Commons in 1935, Martin would serve in the cabinets of four prime ministers and run for the Liberal Party leadership three times. This book examines his remarkable career not only as a politician but as a liberal reformer who relentlessly tackled the issues of his day with consummate political skill and gritty determination. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1610752087390-KLGGAM0OZQ5JKAN3C918/9780774890021-45487-315x440.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>CD Howe Series - The Call of the World: A Political Memoir</image:title>
      <image:caption>By Bill Graham About the Book The Call of the World takes us on an unprecedented behind-the-scenes tour of defining moments in recent global history. Bill Graham – Canada’s minister of foreign affairs and then its minister of defence in the tumultuous years following 9/11 – is an insightful and wryly humorous guide, steering readers through an astonishing array of national and international events, explaining important geopolitical relationships, and revealing the human side of global affairs through his deft portraits of world leaders. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1610752155850-OEKFIRV9T9REPPROPK98/9780774834759fc-71241-315x440.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>CD Howe Series - Prime Ministerial Power in Canada: Its Origins under Macdonald, Laurier, and Borden</image:title>
      <image:caption>By Patrice Dutil About the Book Many Canadians lament that prime ministerial power has become too concentrated since the 1970s. Notions of “governments of one” abound, as if this is somehow a new phenomenon. This book contradicts this view by demonstrating how prime ministerial power was in fact centralized from the very beginning of Confederation and that the first three important prime ministers – Macdonald, Laurier, and Borden – channelled that centralizing impulse to adapt to the circumstances they faced. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>CD Howe Series - The Good Fight: Marcel Cadieux and Canadian Diplomacy</image:title>
      <image:caption>By Brendan Kelly About the Book Before official bilingualism was established in 1969, francophones were scarce in the Canadian public service. Marcel Cadieux was one of the few, becoming arguably the most important francophone diplomat and civil servant in Canadian history. Brendan Kelly’s insightful, entertaining biography reveals a complex figure. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>CD Howe Series - Challenge the Strong Wind: Canada and East Timor, 1975–99</image:title>
      <image:caption>By David Webster About the Book In 1975, Indonesian forces overran East Timor, just days after it had declared independence from Portugal. Canadian officials knew the invasion was coming and initially endorsed Indonesian rule. The ensuing occupation of the Southeast Asian country lasted twenty-four years. Challenge the Strong Wind recounts the evolution of Canadian government policy toward East Timor from 1975 to its 1999 independence vote. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1610752183888-X0AQIYMYMPJIOJTNCDLU/9780774863995fc-146447-315x440.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>CD Howe Series - The Nuclear North: Histories of Canada in the Atomic Age</image:title>
      <image:caption>Edited by Susan Colbourn and Timothy Andrews Sayle About the Book By virtue of resources and technologies Canada is a nuclear nation. But the country does not have the ultimate symbol of nuclear power – a weapons program of its own. Since the first atomic weapon was detonated in 1945, Canadians have debated not only the role of nuclear power in their uranium-rich land but also their country’s role in a nuclear world. The Nuclear North investigates critical questions in these ongoing debates. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1610752192846-HKP568AD0Y67FR9C59QF/9780774864046fc-146495-315x440.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>CD Howe Series - The Unexpected Louis St-Laurent: Politics and Policies for a Modern Canada</image:title>
      <image:caption>Edited by Patrice Dutil Much of Canada’s modern identity emerged from the innovative social policies and ambitious foreign policy of Louis St-Laurent’s Liberal government. His extraordinarily creative administration made decisions that still resonate today: on health care, pensions, and housing; on infrastructure and intergovernmental issues; and, further afield, in developing Canada’s global middle-power role in global affairs and resolving the Suez Crisis. Yet St-Laurent remains an enigmatic figure. Contributors to The Unexpected Louis St-Laurent assess the degree to which he set the policy agenda. They explore the features of his personality that made him effective (or sometimes less so), the changes he wrought on the state apparatus and federal-provincial relations, and the substance of his government’s policies. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>CD Howe Series - Canadian Foreign Policy: Reflections on a Field in Transition</image:title>
      <image:caption>Edited by Brian Bow and Andrea Lane About the Book Canadian Foreign Policy, as an academic discipline, is in crisis. Despite its value, CFP is often seen as a “stale and pale” subfield of political science with an unfashionably state-centred focus. Canadian Foreign Policy asks why. Academics from both inside and around the field were asked “Where do our ideas about CFP come from?” This starting point led to a nuanced exploration of the ways in which scholars come to think of themselves as participating in CFP as an academic project – or not – and what that has meant both for their intellectual trajectory and for the development of the field. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>CD Howe Series - The Rowell-Sirois Commission and the Remaking of Canadian Federalism</image:title>
      <image:caption>By Robert Wardhaugh and Barry Ferguson About the Book The Rowell-Sirois Commission and the Remaking of Canadian Federalism investigates the groundbreaking inquiry launched to reconstruct the federal system – revealing its impact on the high politics of federal-provincial relations and its legacy for Canadian federalism today. Find a copy here.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Home - International Journal</image:title>
      <image:caption>Founded in 1946, International Journal (IJ) is Canada’s pre-eminent journal of global policy analysis. Published in conjunction with the Canadian International Council, it combines brief, policy-relevant articles with longer, peer-reviewed, scholarly assessments of interest to foreign policy makers, analysts and academics in Canada and around the world.</image:caption>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-25</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1582046361190-296C3IJ1WKW2UFX4M528/Adeba%2B4.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Junior Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Brian Adeba Brian Adeba is Deputy Director of Policy at the Enough Project in Washington, DC where he focuses on issues pertaining to the political economy of conflict in South Sudan. Previously a journalist, Brian supervised the coverage of conflict in Sudan’s regions of Darfur, South Kordofan, and Blue Nile for the Nairobi-based Sudan Radio Service managed by the Education Development Center in Boston. Brian also covered parliamentary committees on defence and public safety for a newspaper in Ottawa. He worked as a project and publications coordinator for The Centre for International Governance Innovation, a think-tank in Waterloo, ON. Brian's peer-reviewed research on South Sudan and Sudan has been published in The Rusi Journal (Taylor &amp; Francis), the Centre for Security Governance in Kitchener, ONand the Canadian Journal of Media Studies. Brian is currently a PhD student in War Studies at the Royal Military College of Canada, where his research focuses on the use of force in United Nations peacekeeping.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/137cc5b2-a510-43fc-b202-61d63aa382c9/Headshot.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Junior Fellows - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Mike Bamigboye Mike Bamigboye is a lawyer and a Deakin University Postgraduate Research Scholarship (DUPRS)-funded doctoral researcher in the School of Humanities and Social Sciences at Deakin University, Australia. His research examines the Wagner Group, focusing on the company’s motivations in Africa and its impacts on civilian populations. Working across international relations, criminology, and law, Mike aims to identify effective redress pathways for civilians affected by Wagner’s operations. He holds an MA in International Relations from FMV Işık University, supported by a Graduate Scholarship, where his thesis analyzed Nigeria’s use of private security companies in counterterrorism. Mike has published book chapters and peer-reviewed articles, and regularly contributes to policy discussions. He spoke on the King’s College London panel on African agency and the use of private military and security forces (March 2024), served as a resource to a European working group on PMSCs (June 2024), and recently contributed to a UNICEF report on the impact of private force on children. He is a member of the Centre for Law as Protection at Deakin University.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/b9a1fb9a-3ef4-4d88-ac74-eb2f4ae662ae/Ari%2520Photo.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Junior Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ari Barbalat Ari Barbalat is a PhD Candidate in International Relations at UCLA. His thesis studies cross-regionalism in world politics, supervised by Professors Steven Spiegel and Richard Anderson. He holds a Master's in Middle Eastern Studies from University of Chicago (2008) and an Hon. B.A. in International Relations and History from University of Toronto, Trinity College (2006). Ari also specializes in Jewish thought and ethics pertaining to international relations, Israeli foreign policy in comparative perspective, international relations theory and the interplay of religion, literature and human rights. He is a native of Thornhill.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/2b36defc-8cb4-4888-b7f7-66f7bc664c3b/jenniferbonder_215.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Junior Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jennifer Levin Bonder Jennifer is a SSHRC funded doctoral student in the Department of History at the University of Toronto. Under the supervision of Robert Bothwell, she is researching the origins, functioning, and legacy of the Foreign Investment Review Agency (FIRA). A policy experiment during Pierre Trudeau’s time in office, FIRA was created to screen the foreign acquisition of Canadian firms and establishment of new business enterprises in Canada. She is interested in the nature of economic nationalism in Canada; the effects of foreign capital on Canadian society, politics, and development; and how Canada can learn from the policy experiments of the past. Jennifer sits on the Graduate History Society as the representative to the Canadian Historical Association and is an associate editor with the Department’s peer reviewed journal, Past Tense: Graduate Review of History. She is a Teaching Assistant for the third year course, “Canadian International Relations.” Jennifer is a Junior Fellow at both Massey College and The Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/d89626e7-b606-44c3-8547-b72a3998ca2b/CAICEDO_Jorge_SocialMedia+2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Junior Fellows - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jorge Caicedo Jorge Caicedo is an LL.M. candidate at Columbia Law School where his research focuses on corporate governance and Latin American legal history. He is currently a Junior Fellow at the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History and a business practitioner at Toronto Metropolitan University where he teaches business law. Prior to his graduate studies, Jorge was an associate at Stikeman Elliott LLP, where his practice focused on mergers and acquisitions, capital markets, and corporate governance. Jorge holds a J.D. and B.C.L. from McGill University and completed his undergraduate studies at Queen’s University.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1526071726153-MQH9UVZXEO6XM33FNM1A/Chen.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Junior Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Maria X. Chen – Visitor Dr. Maria X. Chen is a historian of the twentieth century, with a particular focus on European culture and identity. Maria completed her PhD in International History at the London School of Economics and Political Science, where she is also a Postdoctoral Teaching Fellow. Her doctoral research focused on contemporary European integration and its effect on identities. She used the case study of the European Community’s wine policies and its impact on French wine producers to examine broader issues about the integration process, changes in local and regional identity, relationships between different levels of government, and food culture. Maria holds a B.A. from the University of Alberta and an M.Phil. from the University of Cambridge. Maria’s research interests are in Western European Integration History, post-1945 Europe, the cultural Cold War, issues of nationalism and identity, food and wine history, and jazz history.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1581350828908-7ZRJ6A6B6O64YRTCJARM/thumbnail_Denning_Headshot_11-09-2018.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Junior Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Meredith Denning Meredith Denning is a diplomatic and environmental historian. She completed her PhD in history at Georgetown University in 2018. She also holds an MA in History from Georgetown University and an Hon. B.A. in International Relations from the University of Toronto. Her work is interdisciplinary and transnational. Hers was the first dissertation committee at Georgetown’s History Department to include an environmental scientist. As a pre-doctoral fellow with the Mellon Sawyer Anthropocene Seminar, she brought scholars of the environmental humanities, social sciences and physical sciences into conversation through symposia, conferences and public events. Dr. Denning’s current book project focuses on the links between environmental change, human perception and changing transboundary institutions in the Great Lakes watershed. Forthcoming publications include a chapter in an edited volume from University of Calgary Press, The First Century of the International Joint Commission</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1526071630086-D4VYF900I9Q9DHOFOF4E/Bio%2520Photo.jpg</image:loc>
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      <image:caption>Sean Fear Sean is a Lecturer in International History at the University of Leeds, and a Visiting Professor at Fulbright University Vietnam for the 2022-23 academic year. He completed his doctorate at Cornell University and has held fellowships and New York University, Dartmouth College and McGill University. His interests include Vietnamese history, Southeast Asia, United States foreign relations and the Global Cold War, and he is working on a book under contract with Harvard University Press which examines the breakdown in political legitimacy in South Vietnam during the final stages of the Vietnam War.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/973e398c-c102-4658-a0b0-906761061706/C01BE07F-1C42-4477-854E-81101ED1BCAD_1_105_c.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Junior Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Isaac Friesen Isaac Friesen is a SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Social Anthropology at the University of Cambridge. His postdoctoral research at Cambridge explores politics, history and the state from below by documenting how Arab migrants in Egypt and France have experienced repression, conflict and human rights violations and advocacy in their home states. Isaac received his PhD from the University of Toronto in 2021. His dissertation examines ways provincial Egyptians have navigated and crossed socioreligious borders since 1967. Prior to his position at Cambridge, Isaac was a Postdoctoral Fellow in Religious Studies at the University of Ottawa, and has ongoing research on religion, migration and politics in Canada. More broadly, Isaac is a specialist in geopolitics, human rights, global history, and the anthropology of the contemporary Middle East, where he has lived and conducted research for over four years.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Junior Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ozren Jungic – Visitor Ozren Jungic grew up in Vancouver, BC, and attended Simon Fraser University where he studied Business Administration and History. He completed his Master's at St Antony's College, Oxford, and his PhD at Magdalen College, Oxford. Oz has worked as an analyst and speechwriter at the prosecutor's office of the UN's International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia , as well as for the Office of the High Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina. His research interests include modern conflict and international intervention, political transition, and ideology.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Jonathan Kent Jonathan Kent is a research fellow with the World Refugee Council. His research examines the intersections of refugee, asylum and migration governance, the state of asylum among Western liberal democracies, technology and migration, and the climate change and forced migration nexus. Jonathan was a former Cadieux Léger Fellow with Global Affairs Canada and a junior scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, DC. His research has appeared in International Studies Review, Geopolitics, and International Migration. He holds a Ph.D. in political science from the University of Toronto.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Susan Khazaeli Dr. Susan Khazaeli is a defence scientist with Defence Research and Development Canada. Embedded with the Strategic Joint Staff at National Defence, she provides direct decision–making support to senior Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) leadership through evidence–based research. As a defence and international security expert, her research spans across a wide range of topics. Her current work focuses on adversarial behaviour, hybrid threats to Canada and allied partners, and often focuses on the Middle East. She is also involved on NATO activities. At present, she is the Canadian lead on a NATO System Analysis and Studies panel on strategic culture and deterrence. Her work has been published in various journals, including most recently, the International Journal.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Jozef Andrew Kosc Jozef Andrew Kosc is a diplomatic historian, political scientist, and former national security analyst for the Government of Canada. He completed his DPhil (PhD) as a British Commonwealth Doctoral Scholar at Green Templeton College, University of Oxford (2024), where he authored a revisionist history of the Anglo-American Iraq War (2003-11). Jozef currently holds an America in the World Consortium Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Hamilton Center, University of Florida. Previously, he taught at Magdalen College, Oxford, St. Peter’s College, Oxford, and St. Mary’s University, Twickenham, as well as served as Academic Director of the Atlantic Council of the United Kingdom think tank. He studied at Sciences Po Paris, the University of Cape Town, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and the University of Toronto (Trinity College)—where he graduated in 2015 with the John H. Moss Scholarship as the single top graduating senior in his year (+33,000 students). Jozef has received numerous international academic awards, including the Canadian Social Sciences &amp; Humanities Research Council scholarship, a Queen’s Young Leaders Award, and the Mackenzie King Scholarship. He is a classically trained performance pianist, accredited by the Royal Conservatory of Music.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Meredith Kravitz Meredith Kravitz is a Junior Fellow at The Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History. She is a doctoral candidate in international relations at the University of Toronto, focusing on resource competition, energy geopolitics, international security, and foreign policy. She also currently works as a researcher for the Arctic Security Program at the Walter and Duncan Gordon Foundation. In 2010, Meredith graduated from Yale University’s Jackson Institute of Global Affairs with a Master of Arts in International Relations, where she obtained a Graduate Certificate of Specialization in International Security Studies. She also holds a Master of Arts in English: Issues in Modern Culture from University College London, and a Bachelor of Arts in Honours English Literature from Concordia University.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Michael Lumbers – Visitor Michael Lumbers is a Visiting Fellow at The Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History. He obtained his PhD in International History from the London School of Economics and Political Science. His dissertation, which examined U.S. policy toward China during the administration of Lyndon Johnson, was published as Piercing the Bamboo Curtain: Tentative Bridge Building to China During the Johnson Years by Manchester University Press. A specialist in U.S. foreign policy and grand strategy, presidential decision making, Sino-American diplomatic history and contemporary strategic relations, and East-Asian security, his various articles have appeared in The Washington Post, The National Interest, Diplomatic History, Journal of Cold War Studies, Jane’s Intelligence Review, and other publications.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Daniel Manulak Daniel’s research focuses on twentieth-century international and global history, with an emphasis on Canada’s relationship with Southern Africa. More broadly, his work explores how race, emotion, and international order have shaped global cooperation. In August 2021, Daniel completed his SSHRC-funded PhD in the Department of History at the University of Western Ontario. He is working on a book manuscript entitled A Light in the Window: Canada, Race, and South African Apartheid. Daniel’s research has been published in International Journal, The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, and the Canadian Historical Review (in press).</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Shahryar Pasandideh Shahryar Pasandideh is a comparativist military and technology analyst focusing on military capabilities in Europe, the Middle East, and the Indo-Pacific. He has a particular interest in conventional strike capabilities, broadly construed, and countermeasures thereto, including air and missile defences. Shahryar received his Ph.D. in political science from The George Washington University and completed his undergraduate education at the University of Toronto.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Tina Park Tina Park received her PhD from the History Department, University of Toronto, working on Korean-Canadian relations from the 1880s to the 1980s, under the supervision of Profs. Robert Bothwell, Margaret MacMillan, and Andre Schmid. She is also a co-founder and Executive Director of the Canadian Centre for the Responsibility to Protect (CCR2P), and co-founded, with Dr. Carolyn Bennett, the Women in House program.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Paul Ramsey Paul Ramsey is a historian of war and strategy. Paul is ABD in history at the University of Calgary, and a visiting researcher at the University of Toronto. He was the Edward S. Miller Research Fellow in Naval History at the United States Naval War College. He completed his MA in the History of Warfare in the Department of War Studies at King’s College, London, and his BA in Military and International History at the University of Salford. Paul’s research examines the early academic writing about national strategy and public opinion about war. His dissertation shows the role of Spenser Wilkinson, a leading thinker on war, strategy and society, in the professionalisation of strategic planning and national defence policy in First World War era Britain. As a Fellow at the Naval War College, he researched the study of British strategy in the American armed forces after the First World War. His postdoctoral research project considers how public opinion shaped the politics of grand strategy in the Anglophone world before the Second World War. He is interested in the part liberalism and democracy plays in making national strategy and shaping international relations.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Krenare Recaj Krenare Recaj is a PhD candidate in History at Carleton University, where she is conducting SSHRC-funded doctoral research on international relations, migration, diaspora, and refugees, with a focus on the settlement of Kosovar Albanian refugees in Canada. She holds an M.A. from the University of Waterloo, where her research examined the domestic influences shaping Canada's military response to the Kosovo crisis. Krenare has published peer-reviewed articles in academic journals and contributed to platforms such as OpenCanada and ActiveHistory. With extensive experience in public speaking, she has presented her work to diverse audiences, including academics, policymakers, government officials, NGOs, politicians, and the general public. Her research has garnered numerous academic awards, and she remains deeply engaged in organizing events and conducting research that bridges the gap between historical scholarship and contemporary issues.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Samantha Tristen Samantha Tristen is the project manager and a historical researcher of the Canadian International Council's oral history project on the years during which Jean Chrétien was Canada's prime minister. Previously at the CIC, she worked with Ambassador (ret'd) Jeremy Kinsman on his Renewing Our Democratic Alliance project, which strengthened relations and policy coordination between liberal democracies. Sam graduated from the Munk School's master of global affairs program in 2022, where she was the recipient of a SSHRC masters scholarship and an MGA graduate fellowship. Previously, Sam earned her HBA and MA, both in history, from the University of Toronto. Her areas of interest include global affairs, democratic protection, Latin America, and historical and civic education.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Steven Wang Steven Wang is an attorney at Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton &amp; Garrison LLP and will serve as an adjunct lecturer at Harvard Law School and University of Toronto Faculty of Law for the 2024-2025 academic year. Steven served as the Editor-in-Chief of the Harvard International Law Journal and a teaching fellow for constitutional law, negotiations, and international organizations at Harvard University. He began his legal career at Cravath, Swaine &amp; Moore LLP, with a focus on mergers and acquisitions and capital markets. Prior to legal practice, Steven founded a social enterprise in Asia supported by the Gates Foundation cultivating the next generation of social innovation leaders, which was recognized by Forbes 30 Under 30 China. He has served as an ambassador for the Rhodes Scholarship, a mentor to the Schwarzman Scholars program and a World Economic Forum Global Shaper. Steven graduated with a B.A. from University of Toronto (Trinity College), J.D. from Harvard Law School and a Master of Public Policy from Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Junior Fellows - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Jon Allen Born in Winnipeg in 1950, Jon Allen (LL.B., University of Western Ontario, 1976; LL.M., International Law, University of London School of Economics, 1977) joined the then Department of External Affairs in 1981. In addition to postings abroad in Mexico City (1983-85), New Delhi (1989-92) and Washington (1997-2001), Mr. Allen held the positions of Director General, North America Bureau (2001-2004), Minister (Political Affairs) at the Embassy of Canada in Washington (2004-2006) and Assistant Deputy Minister, Americas (2010-2012). From 2006 to 2010, he was Ambassador of Canada to Israel. From 2012 to 2016 he was Ambassador of Canada to Spain and Andorra. From December 2012 to July 2014, he was Chargé d’affaires to the Holy See. Mr. Allen is currently a Senior Fellow at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Toronto; a Senior Fellow at Glendon College, York University; and a Distinguished Fellow of the Canada International Council. He is married to Clara Hirsch. They have two sons, Jake and AJ and two precious grandchildren, Olive and Micah.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Dimitry Anastakis Dimitry Anastakis is the LR Wilson/RJ Currie Chair in Canadian Business History at the University of Toronto in the Department of History and the Rotman School of Management. Professor Anastakis’s work addresses the intersection of business, the state and politics, particularly in the post-1945 period in Canada, and especially the development of the Canadian automotive industry within an international context. He has published nine books and edited collections, including Smart Globalization: The Canadian Business and Economic History Experience (UTP, 2014). He is the former co-editor of the Canadian Historical Review, was the first chair of the Canadian Business History Association, is a former Fulbright Chair (Michigan State University) and is a member of the College of New Scholars, Artists and Scientists of the Royal Society of Canada.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Antony Anderson Antony Anderson is the author of The Diplomat: Lester Pearson and the Suez Crisis, reviewed in Canada’s History, “A penetrating character analysis of Mike Pearson but also a clear-headed analysis of the evolution of Canadian foreign policy”; The Dorchester Review, “Someone should suggest to Justin Trudeau that he read this book…This is not a work of Canadian (or Liberal) hagiography or a paean to peacekeeping”; The Literary Review of Canada, “Anderson does a brilliant job of isolating nuggets of political and diplomatic life…that breathe energy into the daily grind of crisis management.” Anderson produced television programmes for The Dominion Institute (since merged with Historica Canada) including Foreign Fields (2003) which examined Canada’s fading role on the world stage. He has also produced documentaries about defence procurement, the CF in Afghanistan and the role of parliamentary committees as well as video segments for the Munk Debates. He has written op-ed pieces about Pearson and Canadian foreign policy for numerous Canadian newspapers. He attended Queen’s University.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Noel Anderson Noel Anderson is an Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Toronto, where he studies external intervention in internal conflicts, limited war, and counterinsurgency. His book, Wars Without End: Competitive Intervention, Escalation Control, and Protracted Conflict (Oxford University Press, 2025), brings together battlefield bargaining dynamics, the escalatory pressures of interstate competition, and the systemic dimensions of geopolitical rivalry in civil wars to explain how protracted fighting within states is linked to enduring competition between them. Some of his other work has been published in the British Journal of Political Science, International Studies Quarterly, and the Journal of Strategic Studies, among other venues, and has been supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, the Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation, the United States Institute of Peace, and the Smith Richardson Foundation. He holds a PhD in Political Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and has previously worked for the Irish Department of Justice and the Independent Monitoring Commission, an independent body that monitored paramilitarism and security normalization in Northern Ireland.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Thomas S. Axworthy Thomas S. Axworthy has had a distinguished career in government, academia, and philanthropy. Early in his career, he served as Senior Policy Advisor and Principal Secretary to Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, before leaving politics to teach. In 1984, Dr. Axworthy went to Harvard University as a Fellow of the Institute of Politics at the Kennedy School of Government. He was subsequently appointed visiting Mackenzie King Chair of Canadian Studies. In 1999, Dr. Axworthy helped to create the Historica Foundation to improve teaching and learning of Canadian history, becoming its Executive Director until 2005. To recognize his achievements in heritage education (he initiated the Heritage Minutes), civics, and citizenship, Dr. Axworthy was invested as an Officer of the Order of Canada (2002). In 2003, he became Chair of the Centre for the Study of Democracy, School of Policy Studies, Queen’s University, pursuing the themes of expanded human rights and responsibilities, democratic reform, Canadian-American relations, and modern liberalism that characterized his research, teaching and advocacy career. He is a distinguished senior fellow at the Munk School of Global Affairs and a senior fellow at Massey College. Dr. Axworthy was recently appointed Secretary General of the InterAction Council of Former Heads of State and Government. Dr. Axworthy has had a long association with the Gordon family and The Gordon Foundation prior to becoming its CEO in 2009. He began his career as a Research Assistant to Walter L. Gordon, then President of the Privy Council Office in the government of Lester Pearson. In the 1980s, Dr. Axworthy helped the second generation of the Gordon family define their interests, which included, for the first time, Canada’s North. In 1976 he helped organize the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements, held in Vancouver, which initiated his interest in water and sanitation issues, a priority in his current work with the Gordon Foundation.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Stephen Azzi Stephen Azzi is professor of political management, history, and political science at Carleton University, where he was a founding faculty member and director of the Clayton H. Riddell Graduate Program in Political Management. His research focusses on political leadership, Canada-US relations, and nationalism in English Canada. His publications include the third edition of the Historical Dictionary of Canada (with Barry Gough, 2021), Reconcilable Differences: A History of Canada-US Relations (2015), and Walter Gordon and the Rise of Canadian Nationalism (1999).</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Alan Barnes Alan Barnes was an analyst and a manager of analysts in the Canadian intelligence community for over 25 years. He served in the Canadian Forces Intelligence Branch and in Political Intelligence Division of the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Mr. Barnes was the Director of the Middle East and Africa Division of the Intelligence Assessment Secretariat in the Privy Council Office from 1995 until his retirement in 2011. During this time he led the IAS analytic response to a range of international crises, including the 1998 Iraq crisis, 9/11, the 2003 Iraq War, and the 2011 Arab Spring. Since his retirement Mr. Barnes has continued his work on issues related to intelligence assessment. He is currently researching the history of foreign intelligence assessment in Canada since 1945 and has published several articles on this subject. His book, Watching the Bear: Canadian Intelligence Assessments of the Soviet Threat to North America, 1946-1964 was published by UBC Press in 2025. Mr. Barnes is Co-Leader of the Canadian Foreign Intelligence History Project.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Fritz Bartel Fritz Bartel is an Assistant Professor of International Affairs at the George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&amp;M University. His book The Triumph of Broken Promises: The End of the Cold War and the Rise of Neoliberalism was published with Harvard University Press in 2022. As a dissertation, it won the 2018 Oxford University Press USA Dissertation Prize in International History from the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations (SHAFR). Along with Nuno P. Monteiro, he also co-edited Before and After the Fall: World Politics and the End of the Cold War (Cambridge University Press, 2021). His work has been published in Enterprise &amp; Society and Diplomatic History, and his research has been funded by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and the Miller Center. He received his PhD in history from Cornell University, and a B.A. from the University of Toronto.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Aluf Benn Aluf Benn has been the editor-in-chief of Haaretz, Israel’s oldest news organization and a prominent liberal institution in the country, since 2011. A veteran reporter and analyst of Israeli national security, foreign relations, leadership, and politics, Benn is a regular contributor to Foreign Affairs magazine and The Guardian. As editor-in-chief, Haaretz under his leadership has been a critical voice regarding Israel’s conduct vis-a-vis the Palestinians and during the Gaza war, exposed corruption at the highest levels of Israel’s government, and fought military censorship of the media. He holds an MBA degree from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University, and was a media fellow at the Institute of National Security Studies.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Hany Besada Dr. Hany Besada is a Senior Advisor at Global Affairs Canada and a Non-Executive Director at MAFCO Capital. He also serves as a Senior Fellow at the Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa, London School of Economics and Political Science; Visiting Professor at the Wits School of Governance, University of the Witwatersrand; Senior Research Fellow at the United Nations University–Institute for Natural Resources in Africa (UNU-INRA); Senior Fellow at the African Center for Economic Transformation (ACET). Dr. Besada was a Senior Advisor with Environment and Climate Change Canada.  Prior to that, he served as Senior Research and Programme Advisor at the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation (UNOSSC), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). He previously held several senior positions, including Senior Fellow at the China Institute for South-South Cooperation in Agriculture (CISSCA); Senior Fellow at the Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment (CCSI), Columbia University; Deputy Executive Director at the Diamond Development Initiative (DDI); Research Professor at the Institute of African Studies, Carleton University; Senior Fellow at the Centre on Governance, University of Ottawa; Regional Advisor at the African Minerals Development Centre (AMDC), United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA); and Research Specialist at the United Nations Secretary-General’s High-Level Panel Secretariat on the Post-2015 Development Agenda (UNDP). Dr. Besada is the author of more than 70 peer-reviewed scholarly articles, over 40 policy papers and reports, and more than 70 opinion pieces. He has also served as editor or contributing author of 17 books. He holds a Ph.D. from the University of Warwick, United Kingdom.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Stephen Biddle Dr. Stephen Biddle is Professor of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University, where he directs the Concentration in International Security and Diplomacy, and Adjunct Senior Fellow for Defense Policy at the Council on Foreign Relations. His research focuses on military effectiveness, the conduct of war, and the role of technology in war. He has served on the Defense Department’s Defense Policy Board, on General David Petraeus’ Joint Strategic Assessment Team in Baghdad in 2007, as a Senior Advisor to the Central Command Assessment Team in Washington in 2008-9, as a member of General Stanley McChrystal’s Initial Strategic Assessment Team in Kabul in 2009, and on a variety of other government advisory panels and analytical teams. He lectures regularly at the U.S. Army War College and other military schools, and has presented testimony before congressional committees on a variety of defense policy issues. His most recent book is Nonstate Warfare: The Military Methods of Guerillas, Warlords, and Militias (Princeton University Press, 2021). His book Military Power: Explaining Victory and Defeat in Modern Battle (Princeton University Press, 2004) won four prizes, including the Council on Foreign Relations Arthur Ross Award Silver Medal for 2005, and the 2005 Huntington Prize from Harvard University. He co-directs the Columbia Summer Workshop on Military Operations and Strategy (SWAMOS), and has won multiple teaching awards, most recently the Columbia School of International and Public Affairs Outstanding Teaching Award for 2025.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Margaret Biggs Margaret Biggs is Chairperson of the Board of Governors for the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), member of the Advisory Council for FinDevCanada and Chair of World University Services Canada (WUSC). She is also the Matthews Fellow in Global Public Policy at Queen’s University and Vice Chair of the Canadian Partnership for Women and Children’s Health. From 2008-2013, Ms. Biggs was President of the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) and responsible for overseeing Canada's international development and humanitarian assistance efforts worldwide. She has represented Canada in various international fora including the World Bank’s Board of Governors and as International Executive Co-Chair for the China Council on International Cooperation on Environment and Development. Ms. Biggs is an active contributor on issues related to Canada and global sustainable development. In 2018 she co-authored with John W. McArthur “A Canadian North Star: Crafting an advanced economy approach to the Sustainable Development Goals” (Brookings Institution). In 2017 she authored “Inclusive Trade, Inclusive Development: Opportunities for Canadian Leadership” (IRPP) and co-led the Study Group on Global Education’s report “Equipping the Next Generation of Canadians to Succeed in a Complex World”. Ms. Biggs served as Deputy Secretary to the Cabinet and Assistant Secretary, Priorities and Planning, Privy Council Office (2002-2008) and has an extensive background in social, labour market and income policies. Ms. Biggs is a graduate of the University of British Columbia and the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Danielle Bochove Danielle Bochove is an award-winning journalist who has worked in six countries, most recently as Bloomberg's Global Arctic correspondent and Toronto bureau chief. Prior to that she served as Toronto Bureau Chief and, before joining Bloomberg, worked as a national television and radio host for CBC News. She also hosted a daily business program on Canada's Business News Network, and spent seven years with Reuters covering many a business crisis in Chicago, Tokyo and London. Bochove majored in International Relations and English Literature at Trinity College and, for many years, taught broadcast performance at the Munk School of Global Affairs' Fellowship in Global Journalism. She is also a Senior Fellow at Arctic 360, Canada's premier Arctic think tank.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Kerry Buck Kerry Buck was most recently Assistant Secretary to the Treasury Board, Economic Sector, from 2018 to 2021. Prior to that, she was Canada's Ambassador and Permanent Representative to NATO from 2015 to 2018. Ms. Buck is a career diplomat who served as Political Director and Assistant Deputy Minister for International Security and Political Affairs, Assistant Deputy Minister for Afghanistan, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean and Director General for the Middle East and Maghreb. Earlier in her career she was posted to the Canadian Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York. Ms Buck was chair of government Task Forces for Afghanistan, Russia/Ukraine, Syria, Mali, the Haiti earthquake and other foreign policy crises and humanitarian crises. Throughout her diplomatic career, she represented Canada at the G7, UN, NATO, OSCE on issues of human rights, security, disarmament, terrorism, humanitarian affairs and regional trade. She represented Canada on international negotiation of Women, Peace and Security issues from 1992 to 2018, helping build international law and practice on gender-based violence. Ms. Buck also served in the Privy Council Office, the Canadian Human Rights Commission, the International Development Research Centre and the Constitutional Law Bureau of the Office of the Attorney General of Ontario and the Ontario Native Affairs Directorate. Ms. Buck speaks English and French. She is married to Michael Pearson and has a son and three step-daughters.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Isabel Campbell - Visitor Isabel Campbell is a historian at the Directorate of History and Heritage, National Defence Headquarters, Ottawa. She was educated at Memorial, Western, Carleton, and Laval universities. The author of Unlikely Diplomats. The Canadian Brigade in Germany, 1951-1964, she is a co-author on volumes three and four of the official histories of the Royal Canadian Navy and Royal Canadian Air Force respectively. She is passionate about innovations in access and archives and an advocate for the whole life oral history methodology which she is utilizing to study Canadian Cold War military families. Current projects involve the analysis of gender roles and perceptions about cultural, racial, and linguistic “othering”, the contributions of Inuit guides in Canada’s north, and early Cold War allied intelligence relating to Canada’s defence planning.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Adam Chapnick Adam Chapnick is a professor of defence studies at the Royal Military College of Canada (RMC). He is located in Toronto, where he also serves as the deputy director of education at the Canadian Forces College. He holds a BA (Honours) from Trent University, an MA in International Affairs from the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University, and a PhD in History from the University of Toronto. He is the award-winning author or editor of nine books and over 50 academic essays and book chapters on historical and contemporary issues in Canadian foreign relations, Canadian-American relations, and teaching and learning.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Susan Colbourn Susan Colbourn is associate director of the Triangle Institute for Security Studies based at the Sanford School of Public Policy at Duke University. She is the author of Euromissiles: The Nuclear Weapons That Nearly Destroyed NATO (Cornell, 2022) and the editor, along with Timothy Andrews Sayle, of The Nuclear North: Histories of Canada in the Atomic Age (UBC, 2020). At present, she is at work on an international history of efforts to transcend the Cold War division of Europe from the 1940s to the present, Whole, Free, At Peace: The Struggle to Overcome the Division of Europe.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Hon. David Collenette David Collenette served as a Member of the Canadian House of Commons for more than 20 years and in the cabinet led by three Prime Ministers, Pierre Trudeau, John Turner and Jean Chretien for a period of eleven years. He held several portfolios: Minister of State-Multiculturalism; Minister of National Defense; Minister of Veterans Affairs; Minister of Transport and Minister of Crown Corporations. He did not seek re-election in 2004. During the constitutional debates of the early 1980's, Mr.Collenette, as Parliamentary Secretary to the Government House Leader, was assigned by the government to Westminister to represent Canada's interests in discussions with the British government and members of the House of Commons and House of Lords. He was proud to have voted for the Constitution Act (1982) which incorporated the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. As Minister of National Defense, Mr. Collenette oversaw the reorganization, restructuring and reengineering of the department as the government confronted the severe financial deficit and was the author of the highly regarded 1994 Defence White Paper. During this period, the Canadian Forces were involved in challenging assignments in the Balkans, Rawanda and Haiti, as well as confronting the troubling issues relating to the earlier deployment to Somalia. David also worked closely with his American counterpart, William Perry, on the Partnership for Peace initiative which led to former Warsaw Pact nations joining NATO. As Transport Minister, Mr. Collenette, was proud to have authored a major policy document, Straight Ahead, which charted a course for Canadian transportation policy over the next decade. In addition, he initiated several legislative changes including the Canada Marine Act and amendments to the Competition Act to deal with the restructuring of the Canadian airline industry. Perhaps the most challenging period of his career was overseeing Canada's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001, and the subsequent issues related to transportation security. As Regional Minister for the Greater Toronto Area, Mr. Collenette, in 2000-2003, oversaw federal infrastructure funding that resulted in the largest single expansion of cultural institutions in Canadian history at the Royal Ontario Museum, the Art Gallery of Ontario, The Four Seasons Centre for the Performing Arts, the National Ballet School, the Royal Conservatory of Music, the Roy Thompson Hall and the Gardiner Museum of Ceramic Art. In the private sector, Mr.Collenette has worked in the life insurance, plastics and executive recruitment fields as well as an adviser to several Canadian and US companies in the transportation and defense industries. Mr. Collenette holds a Bachelor of Arts (Honours), Master of Arts in political science, an Honourary Doctorate (LL.D.) from York University, Toronto as well as being a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (F.C.I.L.T.) He served as Chancellor of the Royal Military College of Canada (1993-96); as a member of the International Advisory Council, Institute of International Studies, Stanford University, California (1999-2005); as Distinguished Fellow, Glendon College, York University (2004-2010); and as Distinguished Fellow, Ryerson University (2012-2013). From 1987-1991, while in the private sector, Mr.Collenette also worked in a volunteer capacity for the National Democratic Institute, Washington, D.C. He was involved in democratic development projects and election monitoring in Haiti, Chile, Romania, and the Czech Republic. Upon leaving elected politics in 2004 he resumed his association with NDI and served as Co-Leader of its observer mission to the Ukrainian presidential run-off election on November 21st, 2004, as Co-Leader of the parliamentary elections assessment mission for Pakistan in May 2007 and Co-Leader of the municipal elections assessment mission for Ukraine in October 2010. He is past Chair and current Director of the Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (North America), former Vice-President, CILT International, the world’s premier logistics and transport organization with more than 30,000 members. Mr.Collenette is also a director of Harbourfront Corporation (Toronto) and a past member of the Toronto East General (now Michael Garron) Hospital Foundation Campaign Executive Team. In 2007 he served as Chair of the Mayor of Ottawa’s Task Force on Transportation which produced a landmark report, Moving Ottawa whose key recommendations have been adopted with the building of the new light rail system in the nation’s capital. He served as Special Advisor on High Speed Rail to the Government of Ontario, 2017-18. He is currently Vice-President and Secretary of the Harbourfront Corporation and Director Emeritus of CILTNA. He currently serves as Chair, NATO Association of Canada. From 2008-2021 Mr.Collenette was associated as Senior Counsel, with Hill+Knowlton Strategies, Canada, part of the world’s largest public relations, public affairs and communications company, WPP, based in the UK. Mr.Collenette is bilingual (English and French). David Collenette may be reached at: dcollenette@glendon.yorku.ca David.Collenette@natoassociation.ca</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>John M. Dirks – Visitor A historian of post 1945 Canadian and American external relations and foreign policy, and also a seasoned professional archivist, John M. Dirks completed his PhD at the University of Toronto in 2014 (he also has a Master’s from its Faculty of Information). His dissertation has now been reworked and published as a book, titled A Cooperative Disagreement: Canada-United States Relations and Revolutionary Cuba, 1959-93 (UBC Press 2022). He taught several senior year history courses in the International Relations program at Trinity College, University of Toronto between 2016 and 2019, and he has additional publications, including the chapter “Friendly Noises but Distant Neighbours: The Pearson Government, Latin America and the Caribbean, 1963-1968,” in the edited compilation Mike’s World: Lester Pearson and Canadian External Relations, 1963-1968 (UBC Press 2017) as well as an earlier article in Archivaria. Involved in the Canada Declassified project from its outset, he continues to participate and make contributions to it. At present he is a full-time archivist with the City of Toronto.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Patrice Dutil Patrice Dutil is an award-winning Professor in the Department of Politics and Public Administration at Toronto Metropolitan University. He is the author, co-author or editor of eleven books and of dozens of scholarly articles and chapters in refereed publications, as well as hundreds of articles in a variety of media. He was the founding editor (1991-1996) of the Literary Review of Canada and President of the Champlain Society (2011-2017). In 2013-14 he was a visiting scholar at Massey College (University of Toronto) and visiting professor in the Schar School of Policy and Government at George Mason University. In the fall of 2018 he was visiting professor at Boston University. He holds a PhD in History from York University, an M es Arts from the Université de Montréal, and a BA (Hon.) from York University. Before joining Toronto Metropolitan University in 2006, he worked in the Government of Ontario, TVOntario and the Institute of Public Administration of Canada. Dr. Dutil’s main research interests are political and public sector leadership, the process of political development, and the study of elections. He writes about a wide range of issues in the policy development process both from a historical and contemporary standpoint.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Cindy Ewing Cindy Ewing is the Assistant Professor of Contemporary International History in the Department of History and the International Relations Program at Trinity College. Cindy's research and teaching focus on the international history of decolonization and its connections to the Cold War in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. She is working on a book manuscript entitled, The Asian Unity Project: Human Rights and the International Solidarities of the Third World, 1945-1965. At the University of Toronto, Cindy will be teaching courses in the global history of international relations, contemporary military history and foreign relations, and human rights.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>John English – Director Emeritus A Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Waterloo, John English has been a Liberal Member of Parliament, a Special Ambassador for Landmines and a Special Envoy for the election of Canada to the United Nations Security Council. He has also served as President of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs, co-editor of the Canadian Historical Review, chair of the Board of the Canadian Museum of Civilization and the Canadian War Museum. From 2012- 2019, John English served as Director of the Bill Graham Centre at Trinity College, and is now serving as Director Emeritus.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Drew Fagan Drew Fagan is a professor at the University of Toronto’s Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy. He teaches a course on policy implementation in the school’s graduate program and is involved in numerous other university initiatives. Mr. Fagan also is a public policy advisor as principal of Greenbrook Consulting Inc. Recent clients include departments, ministries, agencies and boards at all three levels of government. Mr. Fagan is a senior fellow at the Public Policy Forum, where he has overseen recent research reports, as well as the C.D. Howe Institute and a number of university institutes. He also is senior counsel to the firm at National Public Relations Inc., where he provides strategic advice internally and to public and private sector clients. Mr. Fagan previously spent 12 years in leadership positions with the governments of Ontario and Canada. Mr. Fagan was Deputy Minister responsible for the 2015 Pan/Parapan American Games and Deputy Minister of Tourism, Culture and Sport at Queen’s Park. He also spent four years as Deputy Minister of Infrastructure, with responsibility for the province’s first long-term infrastructure plan. Mr. Fagan joined the Ontario Public Service in 2009 from Ottawa, where he was Assistant Deputy Minister for strategic policy and planning at the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. He served as the Prime Minister’s personal representative to the Asia-Pacific (APEC) summit process. Before becoming a public servant and diplomat in 2004, Mr. Fagan worked at The Globe and Mail, including as parliamentary bureau chief, editorial page editor and columnist, foreign editor, associate editor of Report on Business and Washington correspondent. Mr. Fagan is a board member of the Corporation of Massey Hall and Roy Thomson Hall and other organizations, including the Art Gallery of Ontario’s government affairs committee. He serves on the Ontario Government corporate audit committee. He is a former board member of the Canadian Tourism Commission and was interim editor of the Literary Review of Canada. He served on the United Way of Toronto’s campaign cabinet in 2013 and 2014, when he led the Ontario Government campaign. He was a member of the advisory board of the Munk School of Global Affairs from 2009 to 2017. Mr. Fagan holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree from Queen’s University and a Master of Arts degree from the University of Western Ontario. He received his ICD.D designation in 2017 from the University of Toronto’s Rotman School of Management and he was honoured to be a convocation speaker at the University of Toronto’s 2016 graduation ceremonies.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Beth A. Fischer Beth A. Fischer is an Associate Professor at the University of Toronto’s Woodsworth College where she specializes in international security, crime, and US foreign policy. Trained as a political scientist, her research has focused on the later years of the Cold War through the 1990s. She is the author of The Myth of Triumphalism: Rethinking President Reagan’s Cold War Legacy (University Press of Kentucky, 2020) and The Reagan Reversal: Foreign Policy and the End of the Cold War (University of Missouri Press, 1997). She has also published numerous articles on conflict management, intelligence analysis, and Canadian foreign policy.  Beth was awarded a Nobel Fellowship in 2002 for her research on the ending of the Cold War. She is currently working on a research project that examines Soviet and American perceptions of the Strategic Defense Initiative.   A former editor of International Journal (with Margaret MacMillan), Beth was the director of the Woodsworth One program from 2013- 2022 where she continues to teach courses on crime, justice, war, and innovation. Prior to that she was a faculty member at the Munk School of Global Affairs and U of T’s Political Science Department, teaching courses pertaining to international relations.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Joy Fitzgibbon Joy Fitzgibbon received her PhD from the University of Toronto. She currently serves as Assistant Professor and Associate Director of the Margaret MacMillan Trinity One Program at Trinity College and is a Fellow of College. Joy’s research considers the ways in which we respond more effectively and compassionately to human suffering in the hardest of places, focusing on solutions to governance dilemmas in global health policy and violence against women in conflict zones. She is exploring new modalities of pedagogy that enable us to learn, live and serve our communities in integrated and sustainable ways. A recipient of a joint Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada/ Canada Health Services Research Foundation Grant for her doctoral research on Harvard’s Partners in Health and its policy advocacy at the World Health Organization, she is also the co-author of Networks of Knowledge (University of Toronto Press) with Janice Stein, Richard Stren and Melissa MacLean. She has served as a governance and policy advisor on the board of Food for the Hungry Canada, lectured as faculty in the International Paediatric Emergency Medicine Elective and in the Canadian Disaster and Humanitarian Response Training Program and submitted policy reports the then Canadian Centre for Arms Control and Disarmament and the Canadian International Development Agency (with Janice Stein). She served on the University of Toronto’s Academic Board, and currently serves on the Senate at Trinity College and as Chair of the Senior Common Room. She was honoured to join a number of her colleagues in receiving the inaugural Chancellor William C. Graham Award for service to the Trinity College community.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Francis J. Gavin Francis J. Gavin is the Giovanni Agnelli Distinguished Professor and the inaugural director of the Henry A. Kissinger Center for Global Affairs at Johns Hopkins SAIS. Previously, he was the first Frank Stanton Chair in Nuclear Security Policy Studies at MIT and the Tom Slick Professor of International Affairs and the Director of the Robert S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law at the University of Texas. From 2005 until 2010, he directed The American Assembly’s multiyear, national initiative, The Next Generation Project: U.S. Global Policy and the Future of International Institutions. Gavin’s writings include Gold, Dollars, and Power: The Politics of International Monetary Relations, 1958-1971 (University of North Carolina Press); Nuclear Statecraft: History and Strategy in America’s Atomic Age (Cornell University Press) and Nuclear Weapons and American Grand Strategy (Brookings Institution Press), which was named a 2020 Choice Outstanding Academic Title.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Julie Gilmour Julie Gilmour is a historian of International Relations based at Trinity College, the University of Toronto. Her work investigates the connections between ideology, race, policy, and lived experience. In the 1990s she did research in the newly opened archives of the former Soviet Union on questions of citizenship, gender, sport and diplomacy. Subsequently she investigated the movement of Displaced Persons from Europe to Canada in the years 1947-1953 and questions of ethnicity and immigration during the tenure of Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King. Following from this she published Trouble on Main Street: W.L. Mackenzie King, Race, Reason and the 1907 Vancouver Riots, which followed the younger W.L. Mackenzie King in the years when he was known primarily as Canada’s expert on Asian immigration and opium control.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Douglas Goold Douglas Goold was trained as an academic and has extensive experience with NGOs and a deep understanding of public policy, Doug has a PhD in the history of international relations from Cambridge. He is the co-author of Peace Without Promise: Britain and the Peace Conferences, 1919-23, and taught modern history at UBC, Alberta and Victoria. He has significant media experience including Editor of the Globe and Mail’s Report on Business. He was a reporter in the Parliamentary Press Gallery. Doug was the President of the former Canadian Institute of International Affairs, where he oversaw (and redesigned) the International Journal, and was the first president of the Canadian International Council. He worked with Robert Greenhill on his influential report, Making a Difference? External Views on Canada’s International Impact. From 2011 to 2014, Doug created and directed of the National Conversation on Asia at the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, and was the founder of the Toronto office. Foundation CEO Stewart Beck described the Conversation, the aim of which was to get Asia on the radar screen of Canadians, as “One of the most ambitious and successful initiatives in the 30 year history of the Foundation.” The Conversation held events, including student events, in eight provinces, partnered with 30 Canadian NGOs (including the Asian Institute), and met with key policy-makers including Premiers. Doug published two major studies on India as well as articles on trade and Taiwan. From 2015-20, Doug led a team of policy-makers at the Toronto Region Board of Trade, one of the largest Chambers in North America. He was responsible for 40 policy files, including trade, transportation, infrastructure and smart cities. He chaired over 100 events with key business and political figures, including many cabinet ministers. He was also in charge of the board’s partnership with Brookings Institution on its Global Cities Initiative.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>JL Granatstein Jack Granatstein was born in Toronto. He attended CMR, RMC, the University of Toronto, and Duke University, served in the Canadian Army, then joined the History Department at York University in 1966 where he is Distinguished Research Professor of History Emeritus. Granatstein was from 1998 to 2000 the Director and CEO of the Canadian War Museum. Granatstein is an Officer of the Order of Canada and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. His book, The Generals (1993), won the J.W. Dafoe Prize and the UBC Medal for Canadian Biography. Canada’s National History Society named him the winner of the Pierre Berton Award for popular history (2004), and the Canadian Authors Association gave him its Lela Common Award for Canadian History in 2006. In 2008, the Conference of Defence Associations awarded him its 75th Anniversary Book Prize as “the author deemed to have made the most significant positive contribution to the general public’s understanding of Canadian foreign policy, national security and defence during the past quarter century.” He holds seven honorary degrees. Granatstein writes on the military, defence and foreign policy, Canadian-American relations, the public service, and politics, and he comments regularly on historical questions, defence, and public affairs in the media. He is the author of numerous scholarly and popular books and articles.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Steve Hewitt Steve Hewitt is Assistant Professor in the Department of History and the Centre for the Study of North America at the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom. He has written a number of articles and books related to security and intelligence in the past and present, and in a Canadian, British, and American context, including Spying 101: The RCMP’s Secret Activities at Canadian Universities, 1917-1997 (University of Toronto Press, 2002), The British War on Terror (Continuum, 2008) and, co-authored with Christabelle Sethna, Just Watch Us: RCMP Surveillance of the Women’s Liberation Movement in Cold War Canada (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2018). Currently, he is working on two related projects: a history of lone-actor terrorism in Canada and a history of terrorism and counter-terrorism in Canada. In particular, he is interested in the intersection of masculinities and extreme violence, particularly among lone-actor terrorists He also has had a lengthy involvement in Canadian studies in the United Kingdom, including as president of the British Association for Canadian Studies from 2011 to 2014. He tweets regularly at @stevehewittuk and on the history of terrorism at @TerrorisingHis1</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Norman Hillmer Norman Hillmer is Chancellor’s Professor of History and International Affairs at Carleton University. He is the biographer of Oscar Douglas Skelton, the early twentieth century architect of the Department of External Affairs and an independent Canadian foreign policy, and the author or editor of thirty other books on Canada’s international relationships, the history of the Commonwealth, and conflict and its resolution. His books have been translated into French, Japanese, and Chinese, and his work has been published in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, China, and Sweden. Educated at the University of Toronto and Cambridge University and the former Senior Historian of the Department of National Defence, Dr. Hillmer is a member of the Order of Canada and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Brendan Kelly Brendan Kelly is the Head of the Historical Section and Deputy Director of the Foreign Policy Research and Foresight Division at Global Affairs Canada. His biography of the Canadian diplomat Marcel Cadieux, The Good Fight: Marcel Cadieux and Canadian Diplomacy (UBC Press), was awarded the 2020 J.W. Dafoe Book Prize for the best book on Canada, Canadians, and/or Canada’s place in the world. His research on Canadian international and diplomatic history has appeared in such journals as the Canadian Historical Review, the American Review of Canadian Studies, and International Journal. He is the former Book Reviews Editor of International Journal, Canada’s leading journal of global policy analysis.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>John Kirton John Kirton is director and founder of the Global Governance Program, which includes the G7 Research Group, the G20 Research Group, the BRICS Research Group and the Global Health Diplomacy Program, at Trinity College in the University of Toronto, where he is a professor emeritus of political science and a senior fellow of the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History. He is co-author of the Reconfiguring the Global Governance of Climate Change (2022) and Global Governance of Climate Change: G7, G20 and UN Leadership (2015), and author of Canadian Foreign Policy in a Changing World (2002), China’s G20 Governance (2016) and G20 Governance for a Globalized World (2013). He is also co-editor of several books, including Accountability for Effectiveness in Global Governance (2018) and BRICS and Global Governance (2018). He co-edits a series of publications on the G7 and G20, most recently G7 Germany: The 2022 Elmau Summit and the forthcoming G20 Indonesia: The 2022 Bali Summit, as well as a series on global health diplomacy, including Health: A Political Choice – Investing in Health For All. Follow him on Twitter @jjkirton.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>P. Whitney Lackenbauer P. Whitney Lackenbauer, Ph.D., is Canada Research Chair (Tier 1) in the Study of the Canadian North and a Professor in the School for the Study of Canada at Trent University, Ontario, Canada, and a Senior Fellow with the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History. He also is network lead of the North American and Arctic Defence and Security Network (NAADSN – www.naadsn.ca) and is Honorary Lieutenant Colonel of 1st Canadian Ranger Patrol Group, with more than sixty patrols across Canada’s Northern territories. Previously, he has been Killam Visiting Scholar at the University of Calgary, Distinguished Visiting Professor at Canadian Forces College, and a Fulbright Scholar at Johns Hopkins University. He has (co-)written or (co-)edited more than fifty books and more than one hundred academic articles and book chapters. His recent books include The Joint Arctic Weather Stations: Science and Sovereignty in the High Arctic, 1946-72 (2022); A History of the Canadian Rangers of Quebec: 2nd Canadian Ranger Patrol Group (2022); The Canadian Armed Forces’ Eyes, Ears, and Voice in Remote Regions: Selected Writings on the Canadian Rangers (2022); Lines in the Snow: Thoughts on the Past and Future of Northern Canadian Policy Issues (2021); On Thin Ice? Perspectives on Arctic Security (2021); Breaking Through? Understanding Sovereignty and Security in the Circumpolar Arctic (2021); and China’s Arctic Engagement: Following the Polar Silk Road to Greenland and Russia (2021). www.lackenbauer.ca</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Mokhtar Lamani Mr. Mokhtar Lamani is currently a member of the IRB (Immigration and refugees Board), a Senior Fellow at the Bill Graham Center in Toronto and distinguished fellow of the CIC. He was the Head of the Office of the UN-League of Arab States Joint Special Representative for Syria in Damascus, September 2012 to May 2014. Before his appointment in OJSRS-D, Mr. Lamani was the senior visiting fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) in Canada. Previously, he served as Ambassador Special Representative of the Arab League in Iraq, appointed by the Arab Summit in 2006. On behalf of the Arab League, he worked to reconcile fractious parties and sectarian groups in Iraq while building peaceful relations between Iraq and neighboring countries. Prior to his position as Special Representative, Mr. Lamani. Served as Ambassador of the Organization of the Islamic Cooperation to the United Nations in New York from 1998 to 2004. His distinguished career in international diplomacy includes a number of positions with the General Secretariat of the Arab League, including Deputy Permanent Observer to the UN, Officer in Charge of Iraq-Kuwait dispute, Coordinator of Secretariat Reform, Coordinator of the Euro-Arab Dialogue and Afro-Arab Cooperation, as well as responsible of European relations.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Eugene Lang Eugene Lang is Assistant Professor in the School of Policy Studies at Queen’s University, where he teaches in the Master of Public Administration (MPA) and Professional (mid-career) Master of Public Administration programs. A Fellow with the Canadian Global Affairs Institute, Lang was previously Visiting Fellow, Munk School of International Studies, University of Toronto and BMO Visiting Fellow, Glendon School of Public and International Affairs, Glendon College, York University, where he taught in the M.A. program and was Interim Co-Director of the School. Lang has published over two hundred journal articles, op eds, and book chapters on national defence, national security, foreign affairs and economic policy. His book The Unexpected War: Canada in Kandahar (co-authored with Janice Stein), was a national best-seller that won the Writer’s Trust Cohen Prize for political writing and was short-listed for the Donner Prize for the Best Book on Canadian Public Policy. A regular commentator in broadcast and print media, Lang has written for The Globe and Mail, The Toronto Star, The National Post, The Ottawa Citizen, The Montreal Gazette, Walrus, and many other newspapers. Lang worked for many years in the Canadian government, notably as Chief of Staff to two Ministers of National Defence (John McCallum and Bill Graham). He was heavily involved in the government’s policies on the conflict in Afghanistan; Ballistic Missile Defence; NORAD renewal; The Defence Policy Statement: A Role of Pride and Influence in the World; and the 2005 federal Budget, which delivered the largest increase in funding in a generation to the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Forces. He has testified as an expert witness before federal review panels and commissions, including The Independent Panel on Canada’s Future Role in Afghanistan (“The Manley Panel”, 2008), and the Independent Comprehensive Review of the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces (“The Arbour Review”, 2021-22”). Educated at the University of Western Ontario (B.A., M.A. in political science), Queen’s University (M.P.A.) and the London School of Economics (M.Sc. International Political Economy), where he studied as a Chevening Scholar, Lang lives in Ottawa with his wife and children.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Jon R. Lindsay Jon R. Lindsay is Assistant Professor at the Munk School of Global Affairs &amp; Public Policy and in the Department of Political Science at the University of Toronto. He is the author of Information Technology and Military Power (Cornell University Press, 2020) and co-editor of Cross-Domain Deterrence: Strategy in an Era of Complexity (Oxford University Press, 2019) and China and Cybersecurity: Espionage, Strategy, and Politics in the Digital Domain (Oxford University Press, 2015). He holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an M.S. in Computer Science and B.S. in Symbolic Systems from Stanford University, and he has served in the U.S. Navy.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Daniel Livermore Daniel Livermore holds a Ph.D. from Queen’s University and was a foreign service officer in Canada’s Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade for more than 30 years, prior to his retirement in 2007. He served abroad at the Canadian Mission to the United Nations in New York, at the Canadian embassies in Santiago, Chile, and Washington, D.C., and as Ambassador to Guatemala and El Salvador from 1996 to 1999. In Ottawa he served in the Policy Planning Staff and headed divisions responsible for both human rights and regional security. He was Canada’s ambassador for the international landmine campaign from 1999 to 2002, and from 2002 to his retirement he was director general for security and intelligence. He is currently a Senior Fellow at the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Ottawa, and he serves as a senior mentor in the National Security Program at the Canadian Forces College, Toronto.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Daniel Macfarlane Daniel Macfarlane is an Associate Professor in the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at Western Michigan University. His research examines Canada-US relations and environmental politics, particularly water and energy issues in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence basin. Daniel is the author or co-editor of books on the St. Lawrence Seaway and Power Project; Niagara Falls; Canada-US border waters; and the International Joint Commission. His book Natural Allies: Environment, Energy, and the History of US-Canada Relations, will be published in 2023, and another book on the transnational environmental history of Lake Ontario is nearing completion. Daniel holds a Ph.D. from the University of Ottawa and was previously a Banting Postdoctoral Fellow and a Fulbright Visiting Research Chair.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>S. P. [Paul] MacKenzie S. P. [Paul] MacKenzie (D.Phil.) is Professor Emeritus and former Caroline McKissick Dial Chair in the Department of History, University of South Carolina, and a current fellow of the Royal Historical Society. He is the author of a variety of academic articles and books dealing with aspects of war and society in the twentieth century, including works on film and television representations of the British armed forces, superstitions among flyers, and prisoners of war. He has a book on the Inchon landing forthcoming with Oxford University Press, and is completing a monograph on the sensory experience of British and Commonwealth aircrew during the Second World War. His current research interests include the strategic significance of the Battle of Britain and controversies surrounding the CF-105 and TSR-2 supersonic combat aircraft projects.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Daniel Marston Daniel Marston is the Director of the Secretary of Defense Strategic Thinkers Program (STP) and Professor at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Johns Hopkins University. Between, 2012-2018, he held a Professorship in War and Society at the Australian National University and was also the Principal of the Military and Defense Studies Program at the Australian Command &amp; Staff College in Canberra. He previously held the Ike Skelton Distinguished Chair in the Art of War at the US Army Command and General Staff College and was a Senior Lecturer in War Studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He has been a Visiting Fellow, on multiple occasions, with the Changing Character of War Program at the University of Oxford. He was a special advisor, between 2004-2018, in the United Kingdom, United States, Iraq and Afghanistan with the British Army, US Marine Corps and US Army. Marston has published widely on war and strategy from the 18th century to the present. Three of his books were prize winners. The Phoenix from the Ashes, won the Field Marshal Templer Medal Book Prize (Best in British/Empire and Commonwealth military history) in 2003. The second volume, The Indian Army and the End of the Raj, was Runner Up for the Templer Medal in 2014. The third and final volume, 1945 Burma Campaign and the Transformation of the British Indian Army, with Prof Ray Callahan, won the Templer Medal Book Prize in 2021. He completed his doctorate as the Beit Research Scholar in Imperial and Commonwealth History at Balliol College, University of Oxford. He received a BA (Honours) and MA from McGill University. He is a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society. He was born and raised in Boston, Massachusetts.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Lea Matheson Lea has a unique international perspective gained from working for over 20 years at the international level as a practitioner in international relations with particularly focuses around migration, displacement, humanitarian action and multilateralism. Lea has worked extensively with the United Nations, most recently, she was adviser to the United Nations President of the General Assembly and as the International Organization for Migration’s Deputy Permanent Observer and chargé d'affaires to the United Nations in New York. After receiving her MA in political science, she worked in the Middle East, Africa, Timor Leste, the Balkans, Geneva and New York. Lea was one of the first humanitarians with the UN to work in Baghdad after the fall of the regime in 2003, and was an instrumental actor in re-designing the humanitarian system after the large humanitarian disasters following the earthquake in Pakistan, the Tsunami in Asia and the Darfur Crisis. Furthermore, Lea worked closely on the New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants as well as the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration, bringing issues around international migration into the UN system for the first time. Lea has advised top levels of the UN on humanitarian and migration issues. She has spearheaded the development of several core protection policies and operational guidance adopted by the UN and international NGOs. She is passionate about social justice both at home and abroad and Canada’s role in the world. She is an advocate for those who are the most vulnerable.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Rosemary McCarney Rosemary McCarney (BA,LLB, MBA) joined the Graham Centre in 2020 following her return to Canada from Geneva where she served as Canada's Ambassador to the United Nations and the Conference on Disarmament. Rosemary's career has spanned executive roles in the high tech private sector, the not-for-profit sector and the public sector. Early in her career she practised law in Canada and in the US and co-established a successful consultancy which led to assignments in over 100 countries. Before accepting an appointment in the diplomatic service, Rosemary led Plan Canada International where she and her team led the successful global movement Because I am a Girl and established the International Day of the Girl at the United Nations. Rosemary is an award-winning author of children's books that bring to life the human rights and responsibilities of children for one another. In addition to her commitment to the Graham Centre, Rosemary is a Senior International Relations Fellow of NPSIA at Carleton University. At the University of Toronto, Rosemary is Senior Resident Fellow in Foreign and Defense Policy at Massey College and a Visiting Professor at Trinity College where she teaches Multilateral Diplomacy and Global Governance and in 2021 Global Health Security.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Asa McKercher Asa McKercher is Assistant Professor in the Department of History, Royal Military College of Canada and Editor-in-Chief of International Journal. He is the author of Camelot and Canada: Canadian-American Relations in the Kennedy Era (Oxford, 2016) and Canada and the World since 1867 (Bloomsbury, 2019), and co-editor of Mike’s World: Lester B. Pearson and Canadian External Affairs (UBC, 2017) and Undiplomatic History: Rethinking Canada in the World (McGill-Queen’s, 2019. He writes on international affairs, Canadian-American political history, and Canadian foreign policy and tweets @asa_mckercher.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Joseph McQuade Joseph McQuade is RCL Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Toronto's Asian Institute and a former SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellow at the Centre for South Asian Studies. He earned his PhD at the University of Cambridge as a Gates Scholar in 2017. His first monograph, A Genealogy of Terrorism: Colonial Law and the Origins of an Idea, was published by Cambridge University Press in 2020. He currently teaches in the Contemporary Asian Studies program and is Editor-in-Chief at the NATO Association of Canada. His research focuses on the evolution of terrorism as a category in imperial and international law from the early nineteenth century to the present.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Simon Miles Simon Miles is Assistant Professor in the Sanford School of Public Policy at Duke University. He is the author of Engaging the Evil Empire: Washington, Moscow, and the Beginning of the End of the Cold War, published by Cornell University Press in the fall of 2020. He has also published his research in Diplomacy and Statecraft, Diplomatic History, the Journal of Cold War Studies, Slavic Review, and the Texas National Security Review. His commentary has appeared in Foreign Policy, the Globe and Mail, War on the Rocks, and the Washington Post. His second book, On Guard for Peace and Socialism, is an international history of the Warsaw Pact.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>David Mulroney David Mulroney is President and Vice-Chancellor of the University of St. Michael’s College, the Catholic federated university within the University of Toronto. He came to St. Michael’s after more than 30 years in Canada’s Public Service. A career Foreign Service Officer, Mr. Mulroney was Canada’s ambassador to the People's Republic of China from 2009 to 2012. Prior to his appointment to Beijing, Mr. Mulroney was assigned to the Privy Council Office in Ottawa as the Deputy Minister responsible for the Afghanistan Task Force, overseeing coordination of all aspects of Canada's engagement in Afghanistan. He also served as Secretary to the Independent Panel on Canada's Future Role in Afghanistan. Mr. Mulroney's other assignments included serving as Associate Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and, concurrently, as the Prime Minister's Personal Representative to the G8 Summit. Mr. Mulroney is a Distinguished Senior Fellow at the University of Toronto's Munk School of Global Affairs, a Distinguished Fellow of the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, and an Honorary Fellow of the University of St. Michael's College. Like his mother, his sister and his daughter, he is a graduate of St. Michael’s. Mr. Mulroney is a recipient of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Medal, the University of Toronto's Arbor Award and in June 2015 received an honorary Doctor of Laws from Western University. His book Middle Power, Middle Kingdom was awarded the J.W. Dafoe Prize for 2015.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Tom Nichols Tom Nichols is a staff writer at The Atlantic. An expert on Russia and international security issues, he taught national security affairs for 25 years at the U.S. Naval War College, as well as at the Harvard Extension School, Dartmouth College, and Georgetown University. He was a Fellow of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard, and an adjunct at the US Air Force School of Strategic Force Studies. In Washington, he was a Fellow of the Center for Strategic and International Studies and served on Capitol Hill as personal staff for defense and security affairs to the late Senator John Heinz of Pennsylvania. He is the author of several books, and in 2017 he wrote The Death of Expertise: The Campaign Against Established Knowledge and Why It Matters, an international best-seller that has been translated into fourteen foreign languages. His most recent book is Our Own Worst Enemy: The Assault &gt;From Within on Modern Democracy, which Publisher’s Weekly called "A searing critique of contemporary political culture and the rise of illiberalism on both the right and the left." He is also a five-time undefeated Jeopardy! champion and was listed in the Jeopardy Hall of Fame after his 1994 appearances as one of the best players of the game.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Erin O’Halloran - Visiting Erin recently defended her doctoral thesis in Global &amp; Imperial History at St Antony's College, Oxford. Her project, ‘Cairo between Worlds: Britain, India, and the Middle East, 1935-1942’, connects the history of interwar Cairo to broader narratives about empire, nationalism, and decolonisation in the Middle East and South Asia. She is currently completing a book based on the thesis. Before starting at Oxford, Erin lived in Beirut, Lebanon from 2009 to 2014, where she worked in political analysis and communications at Al-Monitor, the Carnegie Middle East Center, and the United Nations. She holds a Joint Hons. BSc in International Relations &amp; History from the London School of Economics, and an MA in Middle Eastern Studies from the American University of Beirut. Erin’s research focuses on the connected histories of the Middle East, South Asia, and Western Europe, particularly within imperial, internationalist, and post-colonial frameworks. She is also interested in the role of ancient history, mythology, religion, and archaeology in modern projects of Empire and nation-state formation.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Jennifer Orange Jennifer is a Senior Fellow at the Bill Graham Centre. She is a lawyer, adjudicator, and human rights scholar. She received her S.J.D. from the University of Toronto, her LL.M. from New York University, her LL.B. from the University of Toronto, and her B.A. in Asian and Middle Eastern Studies from the University of Pennsylvania. Her research includes investigating the relationship of cultural institutions with new developments in both international and domestic human rights law. She is passionate about the potential for partnerships between cultural and legal institutions in the work to prevent, and recover from, human rights violations. She has taught International Human Rights Law and the Law of Armed Conflict at the University of Toronto, Faculty of Law, and is a frequent speaker on international law, human rights and the role of museums. Called to the Bar of Ontario, she litigated cases at Torys LLP from 2000 to 2007. She is an advocate for the inclusion of the most marginalized voices in decision-making processes and has broad experience as a board and committee member at several mental health and patient organizations. She currently sits on the Advisory Board of the Canadian Centre for the Responsibility to Protect and is a member of the Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Galen Roger Perras Galen Roger Perras is a Full Professor of American History at the University of Ottawa. He also served as an archivist at Library and Archives Canada and a strategic analyst at the Department of National Defence. His specialties include the history of the Second World War, Canada-US relations, and the Commonwealth at war. His publication record is extensive, including two solely authored monographs, two co-authored monographs, a co-edited monograph, and dozens of journal articles and book chapters. He has also had prominent roles in many documentaries about the Second World War and postwar Peacekeeping. He is a frequent media commentator.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Stephen J. Randall – Visitor Stephen J. Randall, FRSC, (PhD Toronto 1972), is Professor Emeritus and Faculty Professor at the University of Calgary. He served as Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences (1994-2006) at the University of Calgary. He served as director of the Institute for United States Policy Research in the School of Public Policy (2006-2009) and of the Latin American Research Centre (2010-14) He held previous appointments at McGill University (1974-1989) and the University of Toronto (1971-1974). He is an elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, and a Senior Fellow in the Centre for Military and Strategic Studies. He was a Senior Fellow with the Canadian International Council for 2009-2010 working on Canada and the Americas. Randall is a Fulbright scholar (2007). He was a member of the editorial board of the Latin American Research Review (2004-2009), and was co-editor of International Journal of the Canadian Institute for International Affairs. A specialist in United States foreign policy and Latin American international relations and politics, he holds the National Order of Merit, Grand Cross, and the Order of San Carlos from the Foreign Ministry of Colombia. In 2012 he received the Lifetime Public Service Award from the Canadian Council for the Americas. Randall has served with the United Nations, Organization of American States and Carter Center in international election supervision in the Caribbean, Latin America and Southeast Asia. He has published extensively in the areas of American foreign oil policy, Canada-US relations, and inter-American relations.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>James Retallack Jim Retallack studied as a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford University and received his D.Phil. in 1983. He joined the History Department at the University of Toronto in 1987, and was promoted to the rank of University Professor in 2019. He became an elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2011. His research, writing, and public lectures have mainly addressed issues of democracy and authoritarianism in pre-1918 Germany, including governmentality, voting rights, antisemitism, antisocialism, and the former Kingdom of Saxony. He also teaches courses and supervises Ph.D. dissertations in German and European history from 1740 to 1945. His work has been assisted by research grants, fellowships, and prizes from the Guggenheim, Humboldt, Henkel, and Killam foundations and the SSHRC. He has held visiting positions at Stanford University, the Free University Berlin, and the University of Göttingen. He currently sits on the Advisory Board of the UK journal German History and the Editorial Board of German History in Documents and Images. He is also one of three General Editors of Oxford Studies in Modern European History. Retallack has authored or edited fourteen books, two special issues of scholarly journals, and two book-length digital publications. In January 2022, the University of Toronto Press published his book German Social Democracy through British Eyes: A Documentary History. His prize-winning monograph Red Saxony: Election Battles and the Spectre of Democracy in Germany (Oxford, 2017) will appear in a revised German edition in 2022. One of his current research projects is a new biography of August Bebel (1840-1913), founder and leader of the largest socialist party in the world before the First World War. He is also writing a book with the working title Exclusionary Politics and the Security State in Imperial Germany.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Elizabeth Riddell-Dixon Dr. Elizabeth Riddell-Dixon is a Distinguished Senior Fellow at The Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History at the University of Toronto, and Professor Emerita of International Relations and former Chair of the Department of Political Science at Western University.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Ben Rowswell Ben Rowswell is Director of the Global Democracy Program at CIC. He served as its President from 2018 to 2022 Ben has 25 years of experience as a practitioner of international relations. He earned his expertise in international security serving with the United Nations in Mogadishu, Somalia in 1993, as Canada’s first diplomatic envoy to Baghdad, Iraq, after the fall of Saddam Hussein, and as the head of the NATO Provincial Reconstruction Team in Kandahar at the height of Canada’s involvement in Afghanistan. Ben has advised top levels of government on international strategy in the Privy Council Office during the tenures of Jean Chrétien and Stephen Harper, and at the Washington DC Center for Strategic and International Studies from 2003 to 2004. But his abiding passion is the defence of human rights and democracy. He established the Democracy Unit of Global Affairs Canada, worked closely with human rights movements as a political officer in the Canadian Embassy to Egypt, and most recently as Canada’s Ambassador to Venezuela from 2014 to 2017. Throughout his career, Ben has sought to engage citizens in the practice of international relations. After a fellowship at Stanford University that introduced him to the powerful role that individuals can play in global affairs, he pioneered the practice of digital diplomacy at Global Affairs Canada. This same passion led him to join Farhaan Ladhani in founding software startup called Betterplace, which tailors opportunities for citizens to engage in civic action through a mobile app. You can follow Ben on Twitter at @benrowswell as well as @thecic, and the CIC’s blog, The Signal Board.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Irene Sage - Visiting Irene Sage received her MA in Political Science from the University of Waterloo and her doctorate in International Relations from the University of Kent in 1996. Her thesis studied attempts to create an international grain reserve system. While at Kent, she worked closely with the Centre for Conflict Analysis, particularly in Northern Ireland. In 1997, she became the Deputy Director of the British-based Foundation for International Security. She took the lead in a major OSCE-supported conflict resolution process in Moldova. In 2001, she became the President of the Foundation of International Security when the Foundation worked internationally on conflict resolution. She served as a Trustee of the Cambodia Trust, Britain’s leading NGO dealing with landmines in Asia. Upon her return to Canada, she served as a Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation and was a principal researcher on its African Initiative. She co-edited Canadian Agriculture in a Global Context and was co-author of Made in Canada: A Businessman in Politics.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Mark Sanagan Mark Sanagan is a historian of the Middle East and the author of the social biography Lightning through the Clouds: ‘Izz al-Din al-Qassam and the Making of the Modern Middle East (University of Texas Press, 2020). Described as a “masterful study” by the Journal of Palestine Studies, the book explores the life and mythology of a nationalist icon in the Arab world. Mark has taught at McGill, McMaster, Concordia, and Trent, and since 2014 he has been an editor of the Dictionary of Canadian Biography at the University of Toronto. He is currently working on his second book, in which he uses a diverse array of archival materials to tell a multiperspective story of a 1932 murder in Palestine, as a way of examining Arab, Israeli, and British colonial historiographies.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Leah Sarson – Visitor Leah Sarson is an assistant professor at Dalhousie University, where her work explores Indigenous global politics in the extractive resource sector. Her broader research interests focus on Canadian foreign policy, International Relations, gender, and the Arctic. Prior to joining Dalhousie, she was a Fulbright researcher and SSHRC post-doctoral fellow at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, where she remains a fellow at the Dickey Center for International Understanding and a visiting Arctic fellow at the Institute of Arctic Studies. She completed her PhD in Political Studies in December 2016 at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario, where she is also a fellow at the Centre for International and Defence Policy. Dr. Sarson holds additional positions at the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History at the University of Toronto and the Canadian International Council. She is a member of the board of directors of Women in International Security-Canada and has held professional positions at the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada and Global Affairs Canada, among others.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Leigh Sarty Leigh Sarty is Adjunct Professor at the Institute of European, Russian and Eurasian Studies and a Senior Fellow at the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University. A specialist on Russia, China and Sino-Russian relations, he has served at Canada's embassies in both Beijing and Moscow, most recently as Deputy Head of Mission in the Russian Federation (2012-2016). Following a three-year appointment as Global Affairs Canada Scholar in Residence, he retired from the department in 2021. He holds a PhD in Political Science and a Certificate from the Harriman Institute for Advanced Study of the Soviet Union from Columbia University, in addition to an M.A. from Carleton University and a B.A. from Trinity College's International Relations program.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Tim Sayle Timothy Andrews Sayle is an Associate Professor of History and Director of the International Relations Program. He is the author of Enduring Alliance: A History of NATO and the Postwar Global Order (Cornell, 2019). He has co-edited two volumes: with Jeffrey A. Engel, Hal Brands, and William Inboden The Last Card: Inside George W. Bush’s Decision to Surge in Iraq (Cornell, 2019); and with Susan Colbourn, The Nuclear North: Histories of Canada in the Atomic Age (University of British Columbia Press, 2020). His research on NATO, Canadian-American relations, and intelligence issues has been published in Canadian Military History, Cold War History, Intelligence &amp; National Security, International Journal, International History Review, Historical Journal, International Politics, The Journal of Strategic Studies, and in several edited books. Professor Sayle is a Senior Fellow of the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History, an affiliate of the Centre for the Study of the United States, and an associate of the Center for Presidential History at Southern Methodist University. He is a Fellow of Trinity College and alumnus of Massey College. Graduate and undergraduate students at the University of Toronto have worked with Professor Sayle to build Canada Declassified, a web repository of recently declassified archival records. This project has been supported by a SSHRC Insight Development Grant and a Connaught New Research Award. Professor Sayle is a project leader of the Canadian Foreign Intelligence History Project.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Amira Schiff Dr. Amira Schiff is a political scientist and the Director of the Graduate Program in Conflict Management, Resolution and Negotiation at Bar-Ilan University. Her research examines the strategic, psychological, and political factors that shape negotiation and mediation in international conflicts, with a particular focus on crisis mediation, ripeness and readiness theory, spoiler dynamics, and the design of ceasefire and prenegotiation arrangements. She is the author of Readiness Theory Revisited (Routledge), which develops a process-oriented framework for understanding how parties move toward negotiation and agreement in intractable conflicts. Her broader work includes comparative analyses of mediation and negotiation efforts in Aceh, Sudan, Sri Lanka, the Korean Peninsula, and the Arab–Israeli conflict, as well as studies of emerging diplomatic practices such as the Abraham Accords and third-party strategies in the UAE–Israel peace process. Her research has been published in the International Journal of Conflict Management, International Negotiation, Negotiation and Conflict Management Research, and the Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs, where she also serves on the editorial board.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Thomas A. Schwartz Thomas Alan Schwartz is the Distinguished Professor of History and Professor of Political Science and European Studies at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. Originally from Rochester, New York, he was educated at Columbia, Oxford, and Harvard Universities.  He is the author of the books America’s Germany: John J. McCloy and the Federal Republic of Germany (1991) and Lyndon Johnson and Europe: In the Shadow of Vietnam (2003), and Henry Kissinger and American Power: A Political Biography (Hill and Wang, 2020).  Along with Matthias Schulz,  he produced the edited volume, The Strained Alliance: US-European Relations in the 1970s, (2009). He has received fellowships from the German Historical Institute, the Norwegian Nobel Institute, the Woodrow Wilson Center, and the Social Science Research Center. He served on the Historical Advisory Committee of the Department of State and was the President of the Society of Historians of American Foreign Relations. While teaching at Vanderbilt, he has received the Madison Sarratt Teaching prize (2013) and the Alumni Education Award (2008). He is currently working on a history of the Cold War that emphasizes the role of intelligence agencies in the conflict.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Jessica Shadian Dr. Jessica M. Shadian is President and CEO of Arctic360. Over the course of two decades, Shadian has lived and worked as a researcher, associate professor, and consultant throughout the European and North American Arctic. Dr. Shadian is widely published; her peer-reviewed books, articles, book chapters and other news commentary concentrate on the global politics of the Arctic, Arctic Indigenous governance and law, critical Arctic infrastructure innovation and investment, and Canadian Arctic security and diplomacy. Her expertise is regularly solicited by media organisations, governments, the private sector, academia, and think tanks. Shadian’s 2014 book: The Politics of Arctic Sovereignty: Oil, Ice, and Inuit Governance (Routledge) is the first in-depth history of the Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC) and Inuit sovereignty in global politics reaching back to pre-European discovery. Her consulting work began while living in the Norwegian Arctic as the co-creator and organizer of an Arctic Dialogue series that brought together state and local political and industry leaders, local and Indigenous communities, and academia to increase information sharing about Arctic resource development. Dr. Shadian holds a Ph.D. in Global Governance from the University of Delaware (2006) during which she wrote her doctoral dissertation at the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI), University of Cambridge, UK on an NSF award. She spent the following 5 years in Norway at the Barents Institute and then as a Senior Researcher at the High North Center for Business and Governance, Nord University, Bodø after which she was awarded an Associate Professor, Marie Curie COFUND Fellowship, at the Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Denmark. In June 2017, Shadian completed a two-year Nansen Professorship co-funded by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the University of Akureyri, Iceland after which she turned to dedicate herself full-time to build Arctic360, Canada’s premier Arctic think tank. Arctic360 is a partnership with the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History, Trinity College, and the Munk School of Global Affairs. Shadian lives in Toronto with her husband and two children.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Craig Damian Smith – Visitor Craig Damian Smith is the Associate Director of the Global Migration Lab at the Munk School of Global Affairs. He earned his PhD from the Department of Political Science at the University of Toronto. His research focuses on migration, displacement, European foreign policy, and refugee integration. His doctoral thesis "Malignant Europeanization: Schengen, Irregular Migration Governance, and Insecurity on Europe's Peripheries" examines the effects of European migration governance on transit states. He has conducted several years of fieldwork throughout the Middle East, North Africa, Western Balkans, and Europe. His current SSHRC-funded research looks at the effects of social networks on refugee integration. In addition to his scholarly work he has provided media commentary on migration and refugee issues to outlets including the BBC, CBC, and NBC.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Brian Stewart Brian Stewart was for over three decades a senior TV news reporter and foreign correspondent for the Canadian Broadcasting Corp (CBC)known for his coverage of crisis zones, including 10 wars, and for his award-winning political and historical documentaries. He interviewed numerous world leaders from Margaret Thatcher to Malcom Mandela and was also host of the current affairs shows, including CBC: Our World, as well as a Distinguished Senior Fellow at the Munk School of Global Affairs. Now retired, he still comments in media on world events.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Jeremi Suri Jeremi Suri holds the Mack Brown Distinguished Chair for Leadership in Global Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin. He is a professor in the University's Department of History and the LBJ School of Public Affairs. Professor Suri is the author and editor of eleven books on politics and foreign policy, most recently: Civil War By Other Means: America’s Long and Unfinished Fight for Democracy. His other books include: The Impossible Presidency: The Rise and Fall of America’s Highest Office; Liberty’s Surest Guardian: American Nation-Building from the Founders to Obama; Henry Kissinger and the American Century; and Power and Protest: Global Revolution and the Rise of Détente. His writings appear in the New York Times, Washington Post, Wall Street Journal, CNN.com, Atlantic, Newsweek, Time, Wired, Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, and other media. Professor Suri is a popular public lecturer and comments frequently on radio and television news. His writing and teaching have received numerous prizes, including the President’s Associates Teaching Excellence Award from the University of Texas and the Pro Bene Meritis Award for Contributions to the Liberal Arts. Professor Suri hosts a weekly podcast, “This is Democracy.”</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>George S. Takach  George S. Takach obtained undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Toronto, and a graduate degree from the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs. He is a former partner and national Technology Industry Leader at the McCarthy Tétrault law firm, where for 35+ years he represented Canadian and international technology companies (with financings, M&amp;A and commercial matters) and traditional companies and governments with their sophisticated technology transactions and projects. George was an Adjunct Professor of computer law at Osgoode Hall Law School for 22 years. He is the author of Computer Law and two other books on the business of technology. He is now writing books on technology and geopolitics for a general audience, including Cold War 2.0: Artificial Intelligence in the New War Between China, Russia and America (available from Simon &amp; Schuster.com).</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Ryan M. Touhey  Ryan M. Touhey is associate professor of history and department chair at St. Jerome's University in the University of Waterloo. He is the author of Conflicting Visions: Canada and India in the Cold War World and co-editor of Reassessing the Rogue Tory: Canadian Foreign Relations in the Diefenbaker era as well as numerous book chapters and articles on the history of Canadian foreign relations.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Jean-Michel Turcotte Jean-Michel Turcotte is a historian at the Directorate of History and Heritage (DHH), Department of National Defence. Before moving to Ottawa, he completed a PhD in history at Université Laval in 2018, and thereafter, undertook postdoctoral fellowships in Berlin, Potsdam and Mainz in Germany. As a specialist of the Second World War and the Korean War, his research interests encompass the history of wartime captivity, humanitarianism, international humanitarian law and Canadian international and military history. His first monograph, Comment traiter les “Soldats d’Hitler”?, published in 2022 by Ottawa University Press, explores the detention of German prisoners of war in Canada, Britain and the United States during the Second World War. The book argues that the North Atlantic Allies conceived of detention policies as a subject of international as well as inter-allied politics. His research has been published in Diplomacy &amp; Statecraft, Canadian Historical Review, International History Review, Intelligence and National Security, Humanity, Bulletin d’histoire politique and Relations Internationales. At the DHH, he is currently working on the official history of the Canadian mission in Indochina, from 1954 to 1973.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Melanie Walker Melanie Walker is the Executive Director of the Canadian International Council, one of Canada’s oldest civic organisations dedicated to strengthening public engagement in international affairs. She brings more than twenty years of experience in operational leadership, programme development, and global fundraising, with a focus on democratic participation, women’s and youth leadership, and resilient media and civic ecosystems. Before joining CIC, she served as Executive Director of Media Development at the World Association of News Publishers (WAN-IFRA), where she also founded Women in News, now active in 24 countries. She holds an MSc from the London School of Economics.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>David Webster David Webster is a History professor at Bishop’s University. Publications include, most recently, Challenge the Strong Wind: Canada and East Timor 1975-99 and the edited collection Flowers in the Wall: Truth and Reconciliation in Timor-Leste, Indonesia and Melanesia. Webster is a member of the international advisory council of the Centro Nacional Chega!, Timor-Leste’s centre for truth and memory.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>David A. Wilson David A. Wilson is a Professor in the Celtic Studies Program and History Department at the University of Toronto, and the General Editor of the Dictionary of Canadian Biography.  A Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and a winner of the University of Toronto’s Outstanding Teaching Award, he specializes in transatlantic history and has published and edited a dozen books.  His two-volume biography of Thomas D’Arcy McGee won the Canada Prize, the American Conference of Irish Studies James S. Donnelly prize and the Canadian Historical Association’s Political History prize.  More recently, his Canadian Spy Story:  Irish Revolutionaries and the Secret Police, was the recipient of the Champlain Society’s Chalmers Award, the C.P. Stacey Prize in Canadian Military History and the Peter Toner Research Publication World.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Ryan K. Balot Ryan K. Balot is Professor of Political Science and Classics at the University of Toronto. The author of Greed and Injustice in Classical Athens (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001); Greek Political Thought (Oxford: Blackwell, 2006); and Courage in the Democratic Polis: Ideology and Critique in Classical Athens (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), editor of A Companion to Greek and Roman Political Thought (Oxford: Blackwell, 2009), and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Thucydides (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017), Balot specializes in classical political thought. He received his doctorate in Classics at Princeton University and his B.A. degrees in Classics from The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and Corpus Christi College, Oxford, which he attended as a Rhodes Scholar. Before moving to Political Science at Toronto, he taught for nearly a decade in the Classics departments at Union College and Washington University in St. Louis. Balot’s research has been funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and the Teagle Foundation of New York. His essays and reviews have appeared in such venues as Political Theory, Ancient Philosophy, Social Research, and The Journal of Hellenic Studies. His current research focus is Plato’s Laws; after completing work on this project, he will turn his attention to Hegel.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Robert Bothwell Robert Bothwell has taught history at the University of Toronto since 1970, and is the author of major works on Canadian political and diplomatic history. He has served as Director of the International Relations Program at Trinity College, where he holds the May Gluskin Chair in Canadian History. He has been a co-editor and editor of the Canadian Historical Review (1972-80). He is the author or co-author of numerous books, including C.D. Howe (1979), Canada 1900-1945 (1987), Canada Since 1945 (1989), Pirouette (1990), Our Century (2000), Eldorado (1984), Nucleus (1989), Canada and the United States (1992), Canada and Quebec(1995), The Big Chill (1998),The Penguin History of Canada (2006), and Alliance and Illusion (2007).</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Eric T. Jennings Eric T. Jennings (PhD UC Berkeley, 1998) is Chair of the Department of History and a leading authority on modern France, French colonialism, decolonization, and the francophone world. His latest book is Vanilla, the History of an Extraordinary Bean (Yale University Press, 2025).  He won a John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship in 2014 and was awarded a University of Toronto Distinguished Professorship the following year. He is the 2025 recipient of the Royal Society of Canada’s Pierre Chauveau Medal for distinguished contribution to knowledge in the Humanities. Photo credit: Lorne Bridgman</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Advisory Board</image:title>
      <image:caption>Margaret MacMillan Professor Margaret MacMillan became the fifth Warden of St Antony’s College in July 2007. Prior to taking on the Wardenship, Professor MacMillan was Provost of Trinity College and professor of History at the University of Toronto. She was educated at the University of Toronto (Honours B.A. in History) and at St Hilda’s College, and St Antony’s College, Oxford University (BPhil in Politics and DPhil). From 1975 until 2002 she was a member of the History Department at Ryerson University in Toronto and she also served as Chair of the Department. She is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature and a Senior Fellow of Massey College, University of Toronto, a Trustee of the Rhodes Trust, and sits on the boards of the Mosaic Institute, the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, the Scholars Council of the Library of Congress, and the editorial boards of Global Affairs, International History, and First World War Studies.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1526069392298-L8H06J6XICHNRU6N37OL/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Advisory Board</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ronald W. Pruessen Ronald W. Pruessen is the Munk School’s Director for International Partnerships &amp; Research and former Chair of the Department of History. His primary research and teaching interests are in 20th century U.S. foreign policy and international relations. Early work focused on the Cold War (e.g., John Foster Dulles: To the Threshold, 1888-1952), but attention to both transatlantic relations and U.S.-China tensions evolved toward the over-arching global perspectives of post-1945 U.S. policy makers as well as the historical roots of “globalization.”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1664845372304-FVLLYDET2PA5TWDLZGPH/Tim-Sayle-3-final-web.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Advisory Board</image:title>
      <image:caption>Tim Sayle Timothy Andrews Sayle is an Associate Professor of History and Director of the International Relations Program. He is the author of Enduring Alliance: A History of NATO and the Postwar Global Order (Cornell, 2019). He has co-edited two volumes: with Jeffrey A. Engel, Hal Brands, and William Inboden The Last Card: Inside George W. Bush’s Decision to Surge in Iraq (Cornell, 2019); and with Susan Colbourn, The Nuclear North: Histories of Canada in the Atomic Age (University of British Columbia Press, 2020). His research on NATO, Canadian-American relations, and intelligence issues has been published in Canadian Military History, Cold War History, Intelligence &amp; National Security, International Journal, International History Review, Historical Journal, International Politics, The Journal of Strategic Studies, and in several edited books. Professor Sayle is a Senior Fellow of the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History, an affiliate of the Centre for the Study of the United States, and an associate of the Center for Presidential History at Southern Methodist University. He is a Fellow of Trinity College and alumnus of Massey College. Graduate and undergraduate students at the University of Toronto have worked with Professor Sayle to build Canada Declassified, a web repository of recently declassified archival records. This project has been supported by a SSHRC Insight Development Grant and a Connaught New Research Award. Professor Sayle is a project leader of the Canadian Foreign Intelligence History Project.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1526069307310-F9YJA5I0UOPMYWTKKI9J/janice-stein-196x275.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Advisory Board</image:title>
      <image:caption>Janice Gross Stein Janice Gross Stein is the Belzberg Professor of Conflict Management in the Department of Political Science at the University of Toronto. She is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and an Honorary Foreign Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She was the Massey Lecturer in 2001 and a Trudeau Fellow. She was awarded the Molson Prize by the Canada Council for an outstanding contribution by a social scientist to public debate. She has received an Honorary Doctorate of Laws from the University of Alberta, the University of Cape Breton, McMaster University, and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She is a member of the Order of Canada and the Order of Ontario.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/53b28831-cedb-417b-80e3-d37b252b4823/Screenshot+2025-09-03+at+11.48.39%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Advisory Board - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Nicholas Terpstra Nicholas Terpstra is Provost and Vice Chancellor of Trinity College, and Professor of History at the University of Toronto.  He has held Visiting Professorships at Oxford, Sydney, Tel Aviv, Hebrew, and Monash Universities and at the Harvard Center for Italian Renaissance Studies in Florence.  A Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, his primary area of research is early modern social history, exploring questions at the intersection of politics, gender, charity, and religion, and issues having to do with space and sense.  Publications include Religious Refugees in the Early Modern World: An Alternative History of the Reformation (Cambridge: 2015), Senses of Space in the Early Modern World (Cambridge: 2024), and the collection Lost and Found: Foundlings in the Early Modern World (Rome: 2023). Terpstra also launched the DECIMA project, an on-line digital map of sixteenth century Florence.  Employing early modern census data, DECIMA tracks occupation, gender, and wealth patterns in an expanding number of cities. The longer-term goal is to produce 3D recreations of urban space that function as research tools while also conveying what it was like to walk around the city, hearing its sounds, moving through its buildings, and seeing its artwork. See: N. Terpstra &amp; C. Rose (eds), Mapping Space, Sense, and Movement in Florence:  Historical GIS and the Early Modern City. (Routledge, 2016).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/124bc4cb-dfcb-40ed-897f-6e578be2a811/Screenshot+2025-08-29+at+11.04.10%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Advisory Board - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/leadership-1</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-03-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/51f69c3e-83b2-4c76-81de-de0bd551d913/197825260_1662896603899750_1697043446079308823_n.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Leadership - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>John Meehan - Director A historian by training, Dr. John Meehan has a BA in History and Russian Studies from McGill University, a diploma in Theology from Magdalen College, Oxford, an MA in International Relations from the School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) at Johns Hopkins University and a PhD in History from the University of Toronto. His publications include The Dominion and the Rising Sun: Canada Encounters Japan, 1929-1941 (winner of the Prime Minister’s Award in Japan) and Chasing the Dragon in Shanghai: Canada’s Early Relations with China, 1858-1952. A former President of Campion College (U of Regina) and the University of Sudbury, he has taught and published on Canadian foreign relations, Asia Pacific studies and relations with Indigenous peoples.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/a8f2618d-28db-4f6c-8836-ceab9547d017/Screen+Shot+2019-07-09+at+7.19.03+PM.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Leadership</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jack Cunningham – Program Coordinator Jack Cunningham is a Fellow and Assistant Professor in the International Relations Program at Trinity College, University of Toronto, where he is also Program Coordinator at the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History. He has published on the early 21st-century conflict in Afghanistan, the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and Canadian nuclear history and is a former editor of International Journal.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/journal</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1527732550126-WDMLAKKLEGFLXN1XXFFB/886467_182933008562791_223765879_o-1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Journal</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1527715817422-82EQ74EQP1AXCEW6VU0C/IJ-Volume-73-1-Cover-435x651.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Journal - click here to</image:title>
      <image:caption>read the latest issue</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1e29da7d-18a8-4183-abae-76a8c160d979/Screenshot+2024-11-07+at+6.19.37+PM.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Journal</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/interns</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-05-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/7f9aa71b-5327-4a97-a76b-262c50bf8fd8/Anna+Lysenko+Headshot+2025.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Interns - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Anna Lysenko Anna Lysenko is a Cyber Risk Analyst at Deloitte. She graduated from the University of Toronto with an Honours Bachelor of Arts as an International Relations Specialist. Anna is devoted to the fields of cybersecurity, global affairs, and cyberpolitics, particularly the dynamic intersection of how cyberspace shapes international conflicts. She is also deeply passionate about the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War. Anna was awarded the Canadian Association of Security and Intelligence Studies and Canadian Security Intelligence Service's National Essay Prize for her paper "Eyes Everywhere, All Against Enemies: Analyzing Non-Governmental Open-Source Intelligence’s (NGOSINT) Value for Ukraine in the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian War (RUW)". Having served as the International Relations Society's Co-President, Anna hopes to continue contributing to the IR community through the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/newsandannouncements</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/bce224c0-67ff-4eee-8af5-97f14f32a410/IMG_0128.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News and Announcements - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1660010744035-5C3L5A45ZWZENJ6L80XH/Graham.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News and Announcements - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1651182087260-ZV9OYHMONIQWOKSXNCGB/Screen+Shot+2022-04-28+at+5.35.22+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>News and Announcements - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image credits: University of Calgary, Centre for International Governance Innovation, and the Toronto Star</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1623105715207-IG9MOA50V4GUKRM30EMJ/John+Meehan+2019-17-400x500px-UofSudbury.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News and Announcements - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Dr. John Meehan (Photo courtesy of the University of Sudbury)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1618258121806-3T5OEN6W23YK6MYURQC2/download-2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News and Announcements</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1594056250509-8LEIK6JJXA3E9CKW26HJ/Screen%2BShot%2B2019-07-09%2Bat%2B7.19.09%2BPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>News and Announcements</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1588794122641-VO9S63WX25AYEXNUMJ82/Screen+Shot+2020-05-06+at+3.39.41+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>News and Announcements</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History is delighted to offer its congratulations to Junior Fellow Brendan Kelly, winner of the 2020 John Wesley Dafoe Book Prize for The Good Fight: Marcel Cadieux and Canadian Diplomacy. The Good Fight is published by UBC Press as part of its vibrant C.D. Howe Series in Canadian Political History, which is supported in part by the Bill Graham Centre, and edited by Robert Bothwell and John English. The J.W. Dafoe Book Prize is awarded to the best book on Canada, Canadians, and/or Canada’s place in the world published in the previous calendar year.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1588269768199-PRV7L8US17GN2RTHCHQT/download.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News and Announcements</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History is delighted to join over 60 researchers from across Canada, the US, and Europe in the exciting new Network for Strategic Analysis, part of the Department of National Defence’s Mobilizing Insights in Defence and Security (MINDS) programme.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/speaker-biographies</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1571773354866-TPMQEEPOLY3PRMKOY68R/Screen+Shot+2019-10-22+at+3.42.19+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Speaker Biographies</image:title>
      <image:caption>Margaret Biggs is the Chair of the International Development Research Centre in Ottawa and a former President of the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). Dr. Biggs is a graduate of the University of British Columbia and the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1571773303339-XY7B32LVF47CWTU1Y35B/Screen+Shot+2019-10-22+at+3.41.09+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Speaker Biographies</image:title>
      <image:caption>David Black is Lester B. Pearson Professor of International Development Studies, and Professor and Chair of Political Science at Dalhousie University. His publications include Canada and Africa in the New Millennium: The Politics of Consistent Inconsistency (2015), and (as co-editor with Stephen Brown and Molly den Heyer) Rethinking Canadian Aid, 2nd edn (2016).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1571773144274-48QYH6VBJZAMN069L7SF/SB+FSS+crop+%281%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Speaker Biographies</image:title>
      <image:caption>Stephen Brown is Professor of Political Science at the University of Ottawa. His research focuses mainly on the intersection of the policies and practices of Northern countries and other international actors with politics in Southern countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. He has published widely on Canadian foreign aid, among other topics. More information is available at www.stephenbrown.xyz.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/age-of-eisenhower-speaker-biographies</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-03-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1582919650623-1LNR3KLOA2AI8CF0S78C/thumbnail_JGD617_141.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Age of Eisenhower: Speaker Biographies</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/new-page-5</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-04-30</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1588270216245-TKZ84BSMV23WY9FGMDX9/download.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Network of Strategic Analysis</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/age-of-eisenhower-program-schedule</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-03</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Age of Eisenhower: Program Schedule</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/greg-donaghy-in-memoriam</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-07-06</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1594056712215-7XH3B9BYBF12HA0GGY5V/Screen%252BShot%252B2019-07-09%252Bat%252B7.19.09%252BPM.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Greg Donaghy, RIP</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/book-description</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-09-17</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1600039969363-8NM4T41IXQB1FGCZAZTV/War+by+Margaret+MacMillan+book+jacket.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Book Description</image:title>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/schedule</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-09-02</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1598992271359-A1OE63VG93ZZZWACF4YJ/WAM%252BNATURE%252BCOVER%252B6x9%252Bfinal.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Schedule</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/participant-bios</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-09-02</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1598557602118-3MGJVX2BW1XM38HTUB4B/WAM%2BNATURE%2BCOVER%2B6x9%2Bfinal.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Participant Bios</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/author-bio</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
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    <lastmod>2020-09-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1600039636392-TISXOGRZ9CALUFD9SK77/MacMillanMargaretPortrait.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Author Bio</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/canada-declassified</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/1611004005469-VI444ZD3SWMTTR3R38V8/flag.original-scaled.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Canada Declassified</image:title>
      <image:caption>(Open Canada)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/trinity-college-archives</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/9edb79d6-66fb-4141-b6f9-8aff27387fef/Screenshot+2025-09-05+at+11.46.08%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Trinity College Archives</image:title>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/chrtien-and-the-world</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-07</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56146a00e4b05159aead57dc/e3aa730a-8172-4c0c-b561-568f0cbaa96b/CunninghamMeehan_front+cover_page-0001.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Chrétien and the World</image:title>
      <image:caption>(Open Canada)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://billgrahamcentre.utoronto.ca/news-and-announcements</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-10</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News and Announcements</image:title>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-10</lastmod>
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      <image:title>TRN409H1F</image:title>
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